Cytology is the study of individual cells of the body, as opposed to histology which is the study of whole human tissue itself. Strictly speaking, cytology is the study of normal cells and cytopathology is the examination of cells in the context of disease, which is really what we’ll be talking about but “cytology” is used by many people as shorthand for both, so that’s what we’ll do here. The human body is made up of millions of cells and these can be sampled and looked at under the microscope, after suitable preparation, to help diagnose medical conditions.
This involves looking at the individual cells for abnormal changes of both the nucleus and also the cytoplasm (body) of the cell. The nucleus contains the genetic material that controls the cell, and determines what type of cell it will become, but also controls its behavior. Changes in the nucleus, gauged by changes in its size, shape and appearance of the nuclear material (chromatin) can be assessed by a trained cytologist and this can be used to diagnose possible cancer and also pre-cancer. “Pre-cancer” means cell changes which if left untreated may develop into a true cancer. Cytology can also be used to diagnose many non-cancerous medical conditions such as infections and systemic diseases.
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TEXT BOOKS
Fundamental of Cytology
› McGRAW-HILL PUBLICATIONS
› Edmund W. Sinnott, Considting Editor
› First Edition, 1943
Basics of Cytology
› Cell & Molecular Biology
› 3rd Edition
› 2019
General Cytology
› Prof. J.E. Okpuzor & Dr. Idowu Adewumi Taiwo
› Tymoczko, J. L. & Stryer, L. (2002). New York: W. H. Freeman.
› 1st Edition, 2012
Cytology By Wilson
› Wilson & Morrison
› Reinhold Books in the Biological Sciences, NewYork
› September 1961
An Introduction to Cytology
› Lester W, Sharp – Cornell University
› McGRAW-HILL BOOK COMPANY, INC. NEW YORK
› 1st Edition, 1921
Essentials of Cytology Fluids
› Gia-Khanh Nguyen
› University of Alberta, Canada
› 2009
Cytology Summary
› Pavlov University
› Sheet-like notes
› 2022
The cytology and life-history of bacteria
› Bisset, Kenneth Alexander
› Baltimore : Williams and Wilkens
› 1955
lectures
Cytology Lectures
› Sechenov University
› Russian Module by English
› 2020
Cytology Lectures
› Ulyanovsk Medical University
› Russian Module by English
› 2016
Cytology notes
› Pavlov Medical University
› Russian Module by English
› 2021
Cytology Introduction
› Pavlov Medical University
› Russian Module by English
› 2017
Lecture notes in Cytology
› Irkutsk State Medical University
› Russian Module by English
› 2017
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