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1. Which monomers compose the strands of nucleic acids?
a) Amino acids
b) Ribose
c) Functional groups
d) Nucleotides
Answer: d
Explanation: The strands of nucleic acids are composed of monomeric units called nucleotides. Nucleic acids are mainly the storage sites for genetic information and also have structural and catalytic functions.
2. What are the types of nucleic acids are found in living organisms?
a) deoxyribonucleic acid & nucleotide acid
b) deoxyribonucleic acid & ribonucleic acid
c) ribonucleic acid & nucleotide acid
d) ribonucleic acid & nucleoside acid
Answer: b
Explanation: Two types of amino acids are found in living organisms namely DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). DNA is the carrier of genetic information in animals and RNA plays this role in viruses.
3. How many types of nucleotides are present in DNA?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Answer: d
Explanation: There are four types of nucleotides present in a DNA (or RNA) strand. DNA consists of adenine, guanine, cytosine and thiamine; RNA on the other hand consists of uracil instead of thiamine and other three nucleotides are similar.
4. Purines and pyrimidines are different molecules.
a) True
b) False
Answer: a
Explanation: Purines and pyrimidines are the two types of nitrogenous bases found in nucleic acids. Pyrimidines are small molecules consisting of one ring and purines are larger containing two rings in their molecules.
5. Ribozymes are _____________
a) cell organelle
b) enzymes
c) nucleotide
d) nucleoside
Answer: b
Explanation: Ribozymes are RNA enzymes that perform a catalytic activity. Ribosomal RNAs don’t function as genetic carriers but serve a structural function. One subunit of ribosomal RNA acts as a catalyst in addition reaction of amino acids in the protein synthesis; these are called ribozymes.
6. ATP and GTP are __________
a) cells
b) receptors
c) nucleotides
d) nucleic acids
Answer: c
Explanation: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and guanosine triphosphate (GTP) are nucleotides of utmost importance in organisms. The energy present in living organisms is stored in the form of ATP and GTP binds to a variety of proteins called G proteins to turn on their activities.
