Breast surgery

Introduction Lactational mastitis is a relatively common condition affecting post-partum women. Also termed puerperal mastitis, it can affect up 1/3 of women in the post-partum setting (although many studies put this figure closer to 10%). It can be complicated by the development of a breast abscess. These terms may be defined as: Mastitis: refers to inflammation of the breast tissue. Mastitis may be lactational (occurring in lactating women) or non-lactational. It can also be categorised as infectious or non-infectious. Breast abscess: refers to a localised collection of pus within the breast. Again these may be lactational (occurring in lactating women) or

Introduction Fibroadenomas are the most common benign tumour of the breast. Traditionally referred to as ‘breast mice’, these discrete, mobile lumps often occur in younger women. It is important to distinguish and exclude breast cancer, as such patients should be referred for a triple assessment in line with NICE guidance. As a general rule, 50% regress spontaneously, 25% will remain unchanged and 25% will get bigger. Epidemiology Fibroadenomas most commonly occur in women aged 14 to 35. These benign tumours are typically seen in younger patients and often regress after menopause. There is up to a 10% lifetime incidence of fibroadenomas in women. Types Fibroadenoma may be split

Introduction Breast cancer is the most common malignancy affecting women in the UK. It may be diagnosed during screening or patients may present with a breast (or axillary) lump. Pain, skin and nipple changes may also prompt presentation. On occasion, patients will present with symptoms of metastatic spread. Management is holistic, with input from members of the multi-disciplinary team (MDT) and centred around the individual patient’s thoughts and wishes. Breast cancer can occur in anyone. It can affect women, trans-women, trans-men, men and non-binary individuals. In men, it is less common and is not within the top 20 cancers affecting men in the