Encephalopathy

#Coma

Uremic Encephalopathy

By Dr. Ahmed Hafez

Practice Essentials Uremic encephalopathy is an organic brain disorder. It develops in patients with acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease, usually when the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) falls and remains below 15 mL/min.  Manifestations of this syndrome vary from mild symptoms (eg, lassitude, fatigue) to severe signs (eg, seizures, coma). Severity and progression depend on the rate of decline in kidney function; thus, symptoms are usually worse in patients with acute kidney injury. Prompt identification of uremia as the cause of encephalopathy is essential because symptoms are readily reversible following initiation of dialysis. Pathophysiology Uremic encephalopathy has a

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#Coma

Hepatic encephalopathy & coma

By Dr. Ahmed Hafez

Key words: Hepatic failure, encephalopathy, neuro- logical alteration, astrocytes, ammonium. Abstract Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complication that presents in as many as 28% of patients with cirrhosis, and reported up to ten years after the diagnosis of cir- rhosis. Commonly, it is observed in patients with se- vere hepatic failure and is characterized by neuropsy- chiatric manifestations that can range in severity from a mild alteration in mental state to a coma; additional- ly, some neuromuscular symptoms can be observed. This complication of either acute or chronic hepatic disease is the result of a diminished hepatic reservoir and inability

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Wernicke encephalopathy

By Sama Mohamed

Key facts Wernicke encephalopathy is a type of brain injury. It’s caused by a lack of thiamine (vitamin B1). If not treated quickly, Wernicke encephalopathy can lead to permanent brain damage. What is Wernicke encephalopathy? Wernicke (or Wernicke’s) encephalopathy is a type of brain injury. It is a medical emergency. If not treated quickly, it can lead to permanent brain damage. What are the symptoms of Wernicke encephalopathy? Symptoms can vary, but often include problems with your: eyes, such as jerky movements, double vision or drooping eyelids balance, such as when trying to stand movement, such as difficulty walking normally mind, such as

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#E #Memory disorders

Encephalopathy

By Sama Mohamed

Key facts Encephalopathy refers to the symptoms you experience when your brain is not working normally. There are many different causes of encephalopathy. Treatments for encephalopathy depend on the cause and may treat the symptoms or the underlying cause. What is encephalopathy? The word encephalopathy describes any disease that affects the whole brain and alters its structure or how it works, and causes changes in mental function. What are the symptoms of encephalopathy? The symptoms of encephalopathy vary from person to person. The most common symptom of encephalopathy is a change in mental state, with problems such as: loss of

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