Academic materials

Presented By : Dr. Hatem Kalantan ● To know the general pharmacological principles of ocular medications.● Ocular pharmacotherapeutics (cholinergic agonists and antagonists, anti-inflammatory drugs, etc.).● To describe the indication and side effects of common ophthalmic medications.● Basic ocular toxicology (complications of topical administration, ocular toxicity/ reaction to systemic drugs). Ocular pharmacology and toxicology Note :  All files uploaded here with reserved copyrights for Medicine-21.com & Dr. Ahmed Hafez These materials are for personal use and not for commercial use, so avoid copying or transferring these materials to other websites or blogs to avoid being subject to local and international legal accountability.

Presented By: Dr. Marwan Abouammoh/ Dr. Essam Osman ● To define acute visual loss.● To know common conditions that present with acute visual loss (causes, clinical manifestation and management):○ Acute glaucoma, retinal artery and vein occlusions, retinal detachments, uveitis and keratitis.● How to use ophthalmic instruments and results of investigations to differentiate between different causes.● To know what are treatment options for different conditions.● To know when to refer a case to a specialist. Acute Visual Loss Note :  All files uploaded here with reserved copyrights for Medicine-21.com & Dr. Ahmed Hafez These materials are for personal use and not for

Presented by: Prof. Ahmed Abu El-asrar ● To know the spectrum of ocular involvement secondary to common systemic diseases● such as diabetes mellitus.● Understand the pathogenesis and importance of screening for diabetic retinopathy.● To know and differentiate between different causes of uveitis from systemic causes.● To know the indications for ophthalmic referral in patients with systemic diseases. Examples: ● Endocrine disorders (e.g. diabetic retinopathy).● Cardiovascular disorders (e.g. hypertensive retinopathy).● Skin and connective tissue disorders.● Infectious and inflammatory disorders (tuberculosis).● Hereditary and hematopoietic disorders.● Prof. Abu El-asrar emphasized on the importance of (Kanski’sClinical Ophthalmology) book “just search for a diseasementioned in

Presented By: Dr. Majed Alobailan ● To outline the applied neuro anatomy including visual pathway, pupil reflex, oculomotor nerves (cranial nerves III, IV, VI, VIII).● To identify the clinical picture of cranial nerve palsies.● To discuss the causes of raised intracranial pressure and papilledema.● Cerebrovascular disorders and ocular signs (e.g. carotid cavernous fistula, cavernous sinus thrombosis) .● To know common visual field defects of neurological diseases.● To know ocular manifestation of migraine. Neuro-ophthalmology Note :  All files uploaded here with reserved copyrights for Medicine-21.com & Dr. Ahmed Hafez These materials are for personal use and not for commercial use, so avoid

Presented by Dr. Majed Al Kharashi & Dr. Essam Osman ● To know common conditions that present with chronic visual loss (causes, clinical manifestation and management): ○ Chronic glaucoma (causes, types, management), Senile cataract, Diabetic macular edema, macular degeneration and Hereditary retinal diseases. ● How to use ophthalmic instruments and results of investigations to differentiate between different causes. ● To know what are treatment options for different conditions. ● To know when to refer a case to a specialist. ● Causes, Medication, types are important for the exam ● All the Extra slides were not explained in the lecture and

Presented By: Dr. Saad Al-Dahmash / Dr. Hani AlMezaine ● To understand the basics of optics and refraction and their importance. ● To describe the concept of accommodation. ● To identify different types of refractive errors (myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism) and their causes, clinical manifestation and management. ● Presbyopia (definition, management). ● Anisometropia (definition, management). ● Tools for optical correction (e.g. glasses, contact lenses). ● A basic understanding of surgery for refractive errors. Refractive Errors Note :  All files uploaded here with reserved copyrights for Medicine-21.com & Dr. Ahmed Hafez These materials are for personal use and not for commercial use,

Presented by Dr. Abdullah Alfawaz ● To know how to triage ocular emergencies depending on presentation and management.● To know some common ocular emergencies and trauma presentations.● To identify common etiologies, features and management of the red eye:○ Conjunctivitis (causes, clinical features, and management).○ Microbial Keratitis (causes, clinical features, and management).○ Ocular trauma including subconjunctival hemorrhage, cornealabrasion, open globe injury, blunt injury, and chemical burn. ● To identify features and management of giant cell arteritis and neovascular glaucoma. Ocular emergencies and red eye Note :  All files uploaded here with reserved copyrights for Medicine-21.com & Dr. Ahmed Hafez These materials are

Presented By: Dr. Adel Alsuhaibani / Yasser AlFaky ● To understand orbital anatomy and evaluation techniques for orbital disorders.● To identify Eyelid and lacrimal drainage anatomy and evaluation techniques.● Identify common and serious causes of proptosis, enophthalmos and treatment options available and investigations.● To know how to investigate and approach different etiologies of eyelid swelling.● Know how to manage certain types of eyelid malposition.● Know the role of general practitioner in managing patients with epiphora. Lids, Lacrimal & Orbit Disorder Note :  All files uploaded here with reserved copyrights for Medicine-21.com & Dr. Ahmed Hafez These materials are for personal use

Presented by Dr. Saeed Al Wadani ● To understand the definition and types of strabismus and management options.● Types of ocular deviation (concomitant and non-concomitant).● Physiologic response to ocular misalignment:○ Adaption: abnormal head position, suppression, amblyopia○ Association of strabismus.○ Therapy.● To know extraocular muscles, innervations and function.● To know the definition of amblyopia, different causes and management.● The definition of leukocoria, causes and management. Strabismus, Amblyopia & Leukocoria Note :  All files uploaded here with reserved copyrights for Medicine-21.com & Dr. Ahmed Hafez These materials are for personal use and not for commercial use, so avoid copying or transferring these materials

Presented by Dr. Mohammed Al Shamrani/ Prof. Yasser Alfaky ● To describe the basic embryology and anatomy of the eye globe and orbital structures.● To understand the anatomy and physiology of the extraocular muscles, eyelids and lacrimal system.● To know the Anatomy and physiology of the visual pathway.● To know the basic physiology of eye globe (e.g. phototransduction, intraocular pressure and accommodation). Basic Anatomy and Physiology of the Eye Note :  All files uploaded here with reserved copyrights for Medicine-21.com & Dr. Ahmed Hafez These materials are for personal use and not for commercial use, so avoid copying or transferring these

Presented by Dr. Abdullah Al-Mousa ● To know the basic ophthalmic anatomy and physiology. ● To know how to assess and manage common ophthalmic diseases. ● To know how to triage and treat common ophthalmic emergencies. ● How to use simple ophthalmic diagnostic instruments. ● To acquire basic knowledge of some common ophthalmic operations or procedures. History & Physical Examination in ophthalmology Note :  All files uploaded here with reserved copyrights for Medicine-21.com & Dr. Ahmed Hafez These materials are for personal use and not for commercial use, so avoid copying or transferring these materials to other websites or blogs to