Entrance & Acceptance Tests

Chemistry exam , Mechnikov university acceptance exam 2023-2024

SECTION-A 1. The element that exhibits negative oxidation state in IIIA group elements is(1) B (2) Al(3) Ga (4) Tl 2. Boron halides are(1) Electron efficient compounds(2) Ionic compounds(3) Lewis bases(4) Used as refractory compounds 3. Inorganic graphite is(1) (BN)n (2) BF4(3) B2H6 (4) B2N2H6 4. Which of the following is the correct formula of borax?(1) Na2[B4O5(OH)4]. 2H2O(2) Na2[B4O5(OH)4]. 4H2O(3) Na2[B4O5(OH)4].6H2O(4) Na2[B4O5(OH)4].8H2O5. Borax glass is a mixture of(1) NaBO2 + B2O3 (2) Na2B4O7+B2O3(3) H2B4O7 + B2O3 (4) Na2B4O7.10H2O+B2O3 6. Boric acid is prepared from borax by the action of(1) HCl (2) NaOH(3) CO2 (4) Na2CO3 7. Orthoboric acid (H3BO3) and

Main chemistry topics for Saint Petersburg University in Egypt 

Section 1. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CHEMISTRY 1. Subject and tasks of chemistry.  – Physical and chemical phenomena.  – The place of chemistry among the natural sciences.  – Chemistry and ecology. 2. Fundamentals of atomic-molecular teaching.  – The concept of atom, element, substance.  – Relative atomic and relative molecular mass.  – A mole is a unit of quantity of a substance.  – Molar mass.  – Stoichiometry: law of conservation of mass of matter, constancy of composition. Relative gas density. 3. Chemical elements.  – Signs of chemical elements and chemical formulas.  – Simple substance, complex substance. Allotropy.  – Valency and oxidation state.

Main biology topics for Saint Petersburg University in Egypt

Principles of biology   – Basic attributes of living systems. Biological disciplines, biotechnology, biomedicine, main branches of medicine. Biological terminology. Key discoveries in biology and medicine.  – Chemical elements and molecules of living systems. Basic metabolic pathways.   Molecular genetics   – Central dogma of molecular biology. Structure and function of nucleic acids and proteins.  – DNA replication, transcription, translation and genetic code. Genome, chromosome, and gene structure.   – Mutations and their consequences. Basic molecular genetic methods.   Cell biology   – Structure and organization of cells (prokaryotic, eukaryotic, plant, animal). Origin, structure, and function of mitochondria. Origin, structure,

The solid state

1.1. Why are solids rigid?Ans: The constituent particles in solids have fixed positions and can oscillate about their mean positions. Hence, they are rigid.   1.2. Why do solids have definite volume?Ans: Solids keep their volume because of rigidity in their structure. The interparticle forces are very strong. Moreover, the interparticle spaces are very few and small as well. As a result, their volumes cannot change by applying pressure.   1.3. Classify the following as amorphous or crystalline solids: Polyurethane, naphthalene, benzoic acid, Teflon, potassium nitrate, cellophane, polyvinyl chloride, fibreglass, copperAns: Crystalline solids: Benzoic acid, potassium nitrate, copper Amorphous solids: Polyurethane, Teflon,

Chemistry Syllabus for medical colleges entrance exams 

Chemistry – The Entrance Exam Topics General and inorganic chemistry SI units. Atomic structure. Subatomic particles. Electron configurations. Symbols of the elements. Periodic properties of the elements. Stoichiometry. Weight relationships (atomic number, atomic mass number, molecular weight…). Mole concept. Writing balanced chemical equations. Calculations based on balanced equations. Concentrations (expressing and calculating concentration, weight, volume percent, molarity). Nomenclature and formula writing. Thermochemistry. Reaction heat. Chemical bonding. Ionic bonding. Polar and nonpolar covalent bonding. Intermolecular forces in solids, liquids and gases. Kinetics. Activation energy and catalysis. Equilibria. Acid-base equilibria. Electrolytic dissociation. Dissociation constant. Strong and weak electrolytes. pH. Hydrolysis. Solubility product.

Biology Syllabus for medical colleges entrance exams

Biology – The Entrance Exam Topics Principles of biology   » Basic attributes of living systems   » Biological disciplines, biotechnology, biomedicine, main branches of medicine   » Biological terminology   » Key discoveries in biology and medicine   » Chemical elements and molecules of living systems   » Basic metabolic pathways Cell biology   » Structure and organization of cells (prokaryotic, eukaryotic, plant, animal)   » Origin, structure, and function of mitochondria   » Origin, structure, and function of chloroplasts, photosynthesis   » Structure and function of ribosomes   » Nucleus and chromatin, human karyotype   » Cell cycle,

 Fibre to Fabric

1. Which of the following animals yields wool? a) Yak b) Goat c) Both (a) and (b) d) None of the above Answer: c 2. _______ phase requires a lot of feeding. a) Caterpillar b) Larva c) Both (a) and (b) d) None of the above Answer: c 3. Which state is a leading producer of wool? a) Himachal Pradesh b) Punjab c) Haryana d) None of the above Answer: b 4. Which of the following is an animal fibre? a) Wool b) Silk c) Both (a) and (b) d) None of the above Answer: c 5. _______ is responsible for Sorter’s disease. a)

 Garbage In, Garbage Out

Q-1: Which of the following is a friend of the farmer? a) Redworms b) Earthworms c) Moths d) Mosquitoes Answer: b) Earthworms Q-2: Which of the following is the method of preparing compost with the help of redworms? a) Recycling b) Vermicomposting c) Composting d) Both b) and c) Answer: b) Vermicomposting Explanation: The process of converting kitchen garbage into compost with the help of redworms is known as vermicomposting. Q-3: Which of the following helps the redworms to grind their food? a) Teeth b) Gizzard c) Mouth d) Hands Answer: b) Gizzard Explanation: Redworms do not have teeth. They have a structure called ‘gizzard’, which

Air Around Us

1. The gas plants use for respiration is: a.) Oxygen b.) Carbon dioxide c.) Nitrogen d.) All of the above Answer – (a.) Oxygen Explanation – The diffusion process allows oxygen from the air to enter a leaf through the stomata and reach all cells. This oxygen is used in the respiration of leaf cells. 2. Which of the following components of air is harmful to living beings? a.) Nitrogen and oxygen b.) Carbon dioxide and water vapour c.) Smoke and water vapour d.) Dust and smoke Answer – (d.) Dust and smoke Explanation – Breathing in smoke and dust can enter our respiratory system (lungs)

Water

1. Which of the following is a source of freshwater? a.) Groundwater b.) Rainwater c.) Surface run-off d.) All of the above Answer – (d.) All of the above Explanation – Freshwater is water that occurs naturally on Earth’s surface in ice sheets, ice caps, glaciers, icebergs, bogs, ponds, lakes, rivers, and streams, as well as underground aquifers and underground streams. 2. Heavy rainfalls lead to: a.) Drought b.) Earthquake c.) Landslides d.) Floods Answer – (d.) Floods Explanation – Heavy rainfalls lead to a rise in the level of water in rivers, lakes and ponds. This water spreads over large areas causing floods. Drought occurs

Changes Around Us

Q-1: Which of the following is a change that can be reversed? a) Batter to Idli b) Grain to its flour c) Milk to paneer d) Stretched rubber band to its normal size Answer: d) Stretched rubber band to its normal size Explanation: The changes that can be reversed are those that, after taking place, can regain their original shape and size. Because the rubber band can return to its original shape after stretching, the change is reversible. While all other changes are irreversible. Q-2: Which of the following changes that occur in our bodies is reversible? a) Increase in height b) Decrease

Separation of Substances

1. The process by which butter can be separated from milk is ____. a.) Sedimentation b.) Decantation c.) Filtration d.) Churning Answer – (d.) Churning Explanation – Churning is the process of continuously moving milk or curd with skimmers to produce butter. 2. Which of the following processes can be used to separate a liquid from an insoluble solid? a.) Evaporation b.) Sedimentation c.) Distillation d.) Filtration Answer – (d.) Filtration Explanation – Filtration is the process of separating suspended solid matter from a liquid by passing it through the pores of a membrane known as a filter. For example, tea leaves are separated from tea

Sorting Materials Into Groups

Class 6 Sorting Materials Into Groups MCQs   1. Which of the following materials is transparent? a.) Stainless steel plate b.) Glass tumbler c.) Mirror d.) Plastic bottle Answer – (b.) Glass tumbler Explanation – Almost all the light that strikes transparent materials passes directly through them. In stainless steel, mirror and plastic bottles, light cannot pass through them, and they are therefore not considered transparent.   2. From the given options, choose the one that does not belong to the group. a.) Milk b.) Honey c.) Oil d.) Ink Answer – (c.) Oil Explanation – Milk, honey and ink can dissolve in water, but oil

General biology

Q1. In the complete year, Rabi Crops are grown in which season? Spring Rainy Summer Winter Ans. Winter   Q2. Rhizobium Bacteria which fixes atmospheric nitrogen are found in nodules growing in: Leaves of leguminous plants Roots of leguminous plants Stem of leguminous plants All options are correct Ans. Roots of leguminous plants   Q3. The grain seed is separated from the chaff in the harvested crop. The process is called as: Seeding Weeding Threshing Ploughing Ans. Threshing   Q4. Select the examples of Multicellular Microorganism from the following: Algae and Fungi Algae and Bacteria Bacteria and Viruses Bacteria and

Fibre to Fabric

1. Which one of the following is a synthetic fibre? a.) Rayon b.) Nylon c.) Polyester d.) All of the above Answer – (d.) All of the above Explanation – Synthetic fibres are man-made polymers that are used to create fabric. Polymers are formed when many small units are chemically joined together.   2. The process of separating cotton fibres from the seeds is called ____. a.) Retting b.) Ginning c.) Weaving d.) Spinning Answer – (b.) Ginning Explanation – Ginning is the process of separating cotton fibres from cotton seeds or lint. It also aids in the removal of

PRE-INTERMEDIATE Test 25

Laura __(1)__ in a big city. If she lived in the country, she __(2)__ a dog. Laura __(3)__ a flat with three other girls. But if it __(4)__ possible, she __(5)__ on her own. If she __(6)__ in the country, she __(7)__ a small cottage, and she __(8)__ her own flowers and vegetables. She __(9)__ by underground and __(10)__ shopping in big department stores, but she __(11)__ this at all. If she __(12)__ in the country she __(13)__ her bike, and she __(14)__ things in a small village shop. 1.A) was livingB) livedC) would like to liveD) lives 2. A) hasB)

PRE-INTERMEDIATE Test 24

1. Don’t wait for me. I _____ late. It depends on the traffic.A) will beB) amC) might beD) am going to be 2. “What are you doing tonight?” “I don’t know. I _____ out, or I _____ at home.”A) will go / am stayingB) might go / might stayC) am going / am stayingD) go / stay 3. We have guests coming for Saturday lunch. I _____ cook roast beef and Yorkshire pudding. I have bought all the ingredients.A) mightB) willC) am going to cookD) can 4. A- I’m going to buy George a green shirt.    B- I wouldn’t

PRE-INTERMEDIATE Test 23

1. The telephone _____ by Bell in 1876.A) has inventedB) is inventedC) was inventedD) invented 2. Thieves _____ two pictures from the museum last night.A) have stolenB) stoleC) was stolenD) had stolen 3. They _____ the picture for £3.000.A) has soldB) are soldC) soldD) sell 4. Three new factories _____ this year.A) builtB) were builtC) have been builtD) has built 5. 10.000 cars _____ next year.A) will produceB) producedC) are producedD) will be produced 6. The television _____ by Bell.A) was inventedB) is inventedC) wasn’t inventedD) invented 7. _____ they _____ many cars last year?A) Have / madeB) Did /

PRE-INTERMEDIATE Test 22

Concorde, the world’s fastest passenger plane, __(1)__ by France and Britain together. In the 1950s, both countries dreamed of having a supersonic plane, and the project __(2)__ in 1962. £1.5 billion __(3)__ on developing the Concorde, and it __(4)__ for over 5.000 hours, which makes it the most tested plane in history. The first passenger plane __(5)__ by British Airways and Air France in 1976. The Concorde holds many world records, including the fastest crossing of the Atlantic Ocean from New York to London, which __(6)__ in 2 hours 45 seconds! Flying at twice the speed of sound means that

PRE-INTERMEDIATE Test 21

1. “What _____ to do tonight?” “What about going out for a meal?”A) do you likeB) would you likeC) are likingD) will you like 2. “What _____ to do after university?” “I’d like to get a job in publishing.”A) do you hopeB) will you hopeC) are you going to hopeD) are you hope 3. My family is trying _____ where to go on holiday.A) are you hopeB) decideC) to decideD) deciding 4. I’d like _____ somewhere different for a change.A) wentB) to goC) goD) going 5. I enjoy _____ places I’ve never been to before.A) visitingB) to visitC) visitsD) visit

PRE-INTERMEDIATE Test 20

1. He agreed _____ the job as soon as possible.A) startB) startingC) to startD) starts 2. I stopped _____ my book and went to bed.A) to readB) readC) will readD) reading 3. My teachers always expected me _____ well in exams.A) didB) doingC) doD) to do 4. Let me _____ for the meal. You paid last time.A) payB) to payC) paidD) paying 5. The dentist told me _____ more careful when I brush my teeth.A) will beB) beingC) to beD) be 6. I asked Monica _____ some stamps.A) buysB) buyingC) to buyD) buy 7. I never liked _____ to church

Elementary Grammar Test 30

1. – Do you want another cake?– No, thank you. I’ve still got ________.A) someB) someone’sC) some onesD) ones 2. ________ clever people!A) What aB) WhatC) HowD) So 3. They gave ________ .A) the girls some booksB) to the girls some booksC) to them some booksD) some books the girls 4. I can’t say who ________ the answer.A) is knowingB) knowsC) are knowingD) know 5. ________ I don’t work on Saturday.A) AlwaysB) NeverC) SometimesD) Seldom 6. ________ the homework.A) No every students doB) No every studentsC) Not every students doD) Not every student does 7. – Whose is this?– It’s

Elementary Grammar Test 29

1. Choose the correct answer. Only one answer is correct.A) What is your age?B) How many years you have?C) How old you are?D) What age do you have? 2. John bought ________ cheese.A) enough ofB) too manyC) fewerD) more 3. Choose the correct answer. Only one answer is correct.A) What pencils made of?B) What are pencils made of?C) What pencils are they made of?D) What are made of pencils? 4. ________ like music.A) The both girlsB) Both this girlsC) Both of themD) Both they 5. What ________ on Saturday.A) Ken usually doesB) does Ken usuallyC) usually does Ken doD) does

Elementary Grammar Test 28

Ann: Look! Tom __1__ a dress for my birthday.Pat: It’s lovely __2__ it at Bromley’s?Ann: No, he __3__ one there, but they didn’t show __4__ that he __5__.Pat: That’s odd. They __6__ dresses that are all right for me. My birthday was two months ago.Ann: What __7__ for you?Pat: He __8__ tell him something that he __9__ buy. I said, “I __10__ anything at all. I __11__ a lot of clothes.” “That’s true,” he said. “__12__ out for dinner instead.” 1. A) gave to meB) has given to meC) have given meD) has given me 2. A) Was he buyingB) Did he

Elementary Grammar Test 27

1. Choose the correct answer. Only one answer is correct.A) How old he is?B) How many years has he?C) What age he has?D) What is his age? 2. Sheila put in ________ water.A) anyB) so muchC) fewD) enough of 3. Choose the correct answer. Only one answer is correct.A) What are cars made of?B) What cars are made of?C) What off are made cars?D) What are made of cars? 4. ________ sing beautifully.A) These both girls.B) Both of theyC) Both of themD) These two girls 5. When ________ his homework?A) Tom usually doesB) does Tom usuallyC) does Tom usually doD)

Elementary Grammar Test 26

Tom: Hello, Ann. How are you?Ann: Well, I __1__ the doctor’s yesterday.Tom: What __2__ you?Ann: He said that I have a weak stomach, but I __3__ take any medicine.Tom: How __4__ that you were ill?Ann: I was teaching __5__ a bicycle, and I couldn’t run as fast as I __6__.Tom: Well, what __7__ tomorrow evening?Ann: I __8__ __9__ invite me for dinner?Tom: __10__ __11__ in town this week, and I want __12__ with me. 1. A) was toB) went toC) have been toD) have gone to 2. A) did he tell toB) he has toldC) did he tellD) has he told to

Elementary Grammar Test 25

1. Do you want a drink?A) Yes, I want.B) Yes, I do want.C) No, I don’t.D) No, I don’t want. 2. ________ clever idea!A) What aB) WhatC) SoD) How 3. Mary got ________ .A) for her birthday a pen.B) at her birthday a pen.C) a pen for her birthday.D) a pen at her birthday 4. Ask him ________ .A) how old he is.B) how old is he.C) how old has heD) how old he has 5. ________ we didn’t visit John in hospital.A) AlreadyB) SometimesC) NeverD) Always 6. ________ to get rich.A) Not every young man tryB) Not every young

Elementary Grammar Test 24

1. Choose the correct answer. Only one answer is correct.A) What age has she?B) How many years she has?C) How old is she?D) How old she is? 2. Fred eats ________ bread.A) too manyB) so muchC) fewerD) fewer 3. Choose the correct answer. Only one answer is correct.A) Of what cups are made?B) Of what are cups?C) What cups are made of?D) What are cups made of? 4. ________ are very good.A) Both those boysB) The both boysC) Both of theyD) Both they 5. There isn’t ________ at the station.A) peopleB) some personsC) anyoneD) somebody 6. Cars are ________ lorries.A)

Elementary Grammar Test 23

“Peter __1__ back from the shop,” said Mr James. “He __2__ some new football boots, but he __3__ find any that were right for him.” “__4__ the same?” I asked. “He said they showed __5__ but he __6__ any of them.” “What __7__ do about his boots, then?” I asked. “Well, the shop told __8__ next week. It’s not a big problem because he __9__ to have them before the new school term. But he __10__ to arrange his things early. For example, he __11__ late for school.” “My daughter is different,” I said. “I __12__ throw her out when

Elementary Grammar Test 22

1. Choose the correct answer. Only one answer is correct.A) How is your age?B) How old are you?C) What age have you got?D) How many years you are? 2. Mary had ________ money.A) enoughB) manyC) fewerD) any 3. Choose the correct answer. Only one answer is correct.A) What shoes are they made?B) What shoes are made of?C) What are shoes made of?D) What are made of shoes? 4. ________ are very clever.A) Both themB) Both of themC) The both boysD) Both of boys 5. What ________ on Sundays?A) does John usually doB) do John usually doesC) John usually doesD) does

Elementary Grammar Test 21

1. John: Mr Jackson __1__ the children to the zooyesterday. When they got there they __2__ a bell, andwhen they were inside they saw a man in the lionhouse.Mary: Why __3__?John: He __4__ the lions their food.Mary: How much __5__?John: The children didn’t __6__. Did you know that__7__ two restaurants in the zoo? So people __8__ goout if __9__ eat something.Mary: What time __10__ the restaurants?John: Oh, the children __11__ remember times. They__12__ times aren’t important.A) was takingB) did takeC) tookD) has taken 2. John: Mr Jackson __1__ the children to the zooyesterday. When they got there they __2__ a

Elementary Grammar Test 20

1. I feel fine because I went ________ .A) to the bed early last nightB) to bed early last nightC) to the bed early tonightD) to bed early tonight 2. What is Peter like?He ________.A) is very wellB) is very niceC) like footballD) is liking tennis 3. Has Jimmy got his books now?Yes, my brother ________ yesterday.A) gave them to himB) gave to him themC) has given them to himD) has given to him them 4. Arthur is beside Penny.Yes, Penny is ________ Arthur.A) behindB) beforeC) besideD) between 5. Are the pencils in the box?Yes, Norma ________ on Saturday.A) put

Elementary Grammar Test 19

1. Choose the correct answer. Only one answer is correct.A) Go here to us!B) Go there to they!C) Come there to we!D) Come here to us! 2. How ________ telephone to England?A) doB) canC) I doD) to 3. This is ________ .A) the question thirty.B) the question thirteen.C) the question thirty.D) question thirteen. 4. Jack ________ football on Saturday afternoon.A) looksB) locksC) washesD) watches 5. ________ live in the town.A) SomebodyB) AnybodyC) Some peopleD) Any people 6. Did you go to Ireland last year?A) No, I’ve never been to Ireland.B) No, here I have never gone.C) No, I haven’t gone

Elementary Grammar Test 18

1. Boris usually ________ breakfast at eight o’clock.A) has got theB) hasC) takeD) eats the 2. How is your sister?A) She’s fine.B) She’s good.C) She’s there.D) That’s her. 3. There’s ________ those bottles there.A) much beer onB) much beers inC) a lot of beer inD) a lot of beer on 4. Paula’s singing ________ afternoon.A) at thisB) in thisC) on thisD) this 5. Are you going to the doctor’s?    No, ________.A) to the police stationB) I’m coming thereC) usually by busD) he’s going to me 6. There are the two boys.A) What boy is the clever?B) What boy is

Elementary Grammar Test 17

1. Are my pencils on your desk? No, there ________ on my desk.A) aren’t somethingB) isn’t somethingC) aren’t anythingD) isn’t anything 2. Have you got some red shoes? No, but I’ve got ________.A) some yellow pair.B) some yellows.C) some yellow.D) some yellow ones. 3. Whose is that car? It’s ________.A) theirsB) there’sC) theirD) there 4. Choose the correct answer. Only one answer is correct.A) What age has she?B) How many years has she?C) How old is she?D) How old she is? 5. There wasn’t ________ in the garden.A) some peopleB) anybodyC) any peopleD) no persons 6. 333 is ________ .A)

Elementary Grammar Test 16

1. Jack gave ________.A) to her the flowers.B) the flowers to hers.C) her the flowers.D) hers the flowers. 2. The sun ________ early in summer.A) always risesB) rises alwaysC) is always risingD) is rising always 3. What ________ at the weekend?A) Jane does doB) does Jane doC) do JaneD) Jane does 4. Who ________A) do Mary likes?B) Mary likes?C) do Mary like?D) does Mary like? 5. Bill and Carrie ________ the street.A) they are atB) they are inC) are inD) are at 6. What color’s your bicycle?A) It’s the red.B) It’s red.C) It’s a red color.D) It’s color’s red. 7.

Main topics in Chemistry fo Mechnikov University Entrance Exam

PROGRAMMES FOR ADMISSION TESTS HELD AT UNIVERSITY   Programme for Chemistry The admission test is conducted in the form of a written test and is evaluated on a 100-point scale. The present programme is based on the programme of admission exams in Chemistry recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation for applicants to universities and consists of three sections. The first section is devoted to the theoretical foundations of Chemistry. It includes the basic concepts and laws of Chemistry, which are the fundamental foundations necessary for understanding the laws of chemical processes. The second section is devoted

Main topics in Biology for Mechnikov University Entrance Exam

PROGRAMMES FOR ADMISSION TESTS HELD AT UNIVERSITY Programme for Biology The programme is compiled on the basis of the mandatory minimum content of secondary (complete) general education and combines all the main substantive components of biological knowledge. The content of the programme includes the materials from all the sections of school biology: «Plants. Bacteria. Fungi. Lichens», «Animals», «Human being and Health» and «General biology». Examination assignments and tests in Biology do not go beyond the scope of this programme, but require a deep study of all its elements. Successful answers to tasks require adequate and informed knowledge of biological concepts,

Past Tenses Test B1 Grammar Exercises

1. When Patricia _____ into her car, she remembered she _____ the water boiler on.A) was getting / has leftB) got / had leftC) had got / leavesD) got / was leaving 2. We _____ our meal on the train as it _____ across the beautiful countryside.A) have enjoyed / is goingB) enjoyed / had goneC) had been enjoying / has goneD) were enjoying / was going 3. They _____ for only a few minutes when they _____ a flat tyre.A) had been travelling / hadB) have travelled / were havingC) travelled / have hadD) were travelling / had 4.

Future Tenses Test B1 Grammar Exercises

1. Farmers hope the weather _____ at the weekend because it _____ bad for weeks now.A) will improve / has beenB) will have improved / will beC) improves / isD) is going to improve / was 2. The oil crisis _____ worse, and therefore, fuel prices _____ even more soon.A) gets / will have been risingB) will get / are risingC) is getting / are going to riseD) will have been getting / rise 3. Stop making fun of me or else I _____ mum about it.A) tellB) will have toldC) have been telkingD) will tell 4. _____ I pick

The Infinitive – The Gerund -Participles Test B1 Grammar Exercises

1. Somehow, he managed _____ the locked door without _____ it.A) to open / damagedB) opening / damagingC) to open / damagingD) opening / to damage 2. _____ alcohol with medication causes serious health issues _____.A) Taking / to occurB) To take / occurringC) Taking / occurringD) To take / to occurring 3. The text was too long for me _____ on my own so I asked Steve _____ me with it.A) to translate / helpedB) translating / to helpingC) to translate / to helpD) translating / help 4. I’d rather _____ a new television because it’s not worth _____

Modal Verbs Test B1 Grammar Exercises

1. You _____ join the meeting on Friday, but you _____ if you like.A) shouldn’t / were able toB) mustn’t / needn’tC) can’t / shouldn’tD) needn’t / can 2. _____ you read this text for me so that I _____ type it quickly?A) May / canB) Could / canC) Will / shouldD) Can / must 3. I’m sure you _____ why I wasn’t in the office yesterday. Well, I _____ a day off.A) must be wondering / had to takeB) don’t have to wonder / could takeC) needn’t wonder / must takeD) ought to wonder / my have take 4.

The Passive Test B1 Grammar Exercises

1. In parts of Anatolia, many different fruits _____ by many people in the sun for consumption duringwinter.A) have still driedB) are still driedC) still driedD) are still drying 2. The booklet _____ with such small letters that I _____ it well.A) is printed / couldn’t be readB) had been printing / can’t be readC) has printed / can’t readD) was printed / couldn’t read 3. It is quite expensive, but this detergent _____ better than the cheaper ones ever since it _____ to the market.A) has been sold / introducedB) sells / has introducedC) was sold / bed been

Clauses Test B1 Grammar Exercises

1. You need to do some more exercise _____ you become perfect in shape.A) due toB) untilC) byD) no sooner 2. The couple sitting before us kept talking _____ the movie.A) agoB) whileC) whenD) during 3. It was so unlucky that she had an accident _____ she got her driving licence.A) no soonerB) as soon asC) duringD) while 4. _____ the ambulance arrived at the hospital, the injured man had already died.A) By the timeB) WhilleC) AfterD) In case 5. He was lucky because he had _____ arrived at the bus stop _____ the bus came.A) no sooner / whenB)

Conditionals – Wishes – Would Rather / Had Better Test B1 Grammar Exercises

1. If I _______ very busy tomorrow, I _______ to your birthday party. I’m so sorry.A) won’t be / could have comeB) weren’t / would comeC) am not / will comeD) wasn’t / would have come 2. I wish she _______ me know about her visit a few days earlier, so I _______ some arrangements at work.A) has let / may be makingB) would let / might be madeC) lets / will be makingD) had let / could have made 3. If it _______ trouble you are looking for you _______ it very soon. Believe me!A) is / will getB)

Relatives Test B1 Grammar Exercises

1. The car alarm _____ went off ten minutes ago is still on.A) whoseB) whoC) whichD) when 2. The Moon, _____ diameter is only a fourth of the Earth, is the only natural satellite of the Earth.A) –B) whereC) thatD) whose 3. The burglar _____ no one saw entering the apartment stole jewellery worth a hundred thousand dollars.A) whomB) whichC) whyD) where 4. He panicked when he couldn’t find the key in his pocket _____ he always kept it.A) thatB) whoC) whereD) which 5. We hired a new engineer _____ worked for a big electronics company for years.A) whoseB) whereC)

Reported Speech Test B1 Grammar Exercises

1. Kirsten said that _____ would lend _____ her car if I needed it.A) he / meB) I / herC) she / meD) they / it 2. Scientists still have no answer to _____ there is life on other planets.A) thatB) whichC) whereD) whether 3. It _____ obvious that we _____ a big problem with our old car one day.A) was / will haveB) is / were havingC) is / haveD) was / would have 4. She _____ to us _____ there was nothing to worry about, but actually there was so much.A) told / thatB) said / –C) asked

Have Something Done Test B1 Grammar Exercises

1. We are planning to have our flat _____ this year.A) to paintB) paintedC) paintD) painting 2. She needs to _____ a molar tooth filled this afternoon.A) doB) letC) getD) make 3. We last _____ the carpets _____ a year ago; they now look dirty again.A) got / cleanB) get / cleanedC) have / cleanD) had / cleaned 4. Lucy _____ her hair _____ when I saw her at the hairdresser’s.A) had / doB) was having / doneC) has been having / doneD) got / doing 5. Tom _____ all his shirts and trousers _____ because he was going abroad

Nouns – Articles Test B1 Grammar Exercises

1. I wasn’t _____ only patient in the waiting room, so I looked through _____ magazines on the table to passthe time.A) an / –B) the / theC) – / –D) a / some 2. _____ Kizilirmak is the longest river and _____ Mount Agri is the highest mountain in Turkey.A) – / –B) The / theC) The / –D) – / the 3. There wasn’t any information on _____ departure time of _____ flight.A) the / theB) a / –C) the / anD) a / the 4. As it has _____ hostile environment, no human being can survive in

Adjectives – Adverbs – Comparisons Test B1 Grammar Exercises

1. My arm still hurts, but it’s not _____ bad _____ it was before.A) so / thatB) as / asC) enough / asD) too / to 2. My friends don’t agree with me, but I find maths _____ the other school subjects.A) less difficult thanB) difficult enoughC) so difficult thatD) more difficult 3. She finds even _____ rides in the amusement park so thrilling.A) less horrible thanB) horrible enoughC) the most horribleD) as horrible as 4. If you do it a little _____, I’m sure you can solve this question.A) carefulB) most carefullyC) the last carefulD) more carefully 5. This

Pronouns – Possessives – Demonstratives – Quantifiers Test B1 Grammar Exercises

1. Can you open the door, Mikel? _____ must be Mrs Morgan. _____ was going to come this afternoon.A) Someone / ItB) It / SheC) They / ItD) No one / She 2. Ed has finished the project, but _____ sister is still working on _____.A) his / hersB) her / theirC) their / his ownD) hers / her 3. _____ have found a nice flat in the city centre and _____ rent isn’t very high.A) I / hisB) They / theirsC) You / it’sD) We / its 4. _____ student at our college has a room of _____.A) Each

B1 Grammar Exercises

1. Turkey has a border with Georgia, _____?A) isn’t itB) haven’t theyC) hasn’t itD) doesn’t it 2. They never know where you are, _____?A) do theyB) don’t youC) will theyD) aren’t you 3. They hadn’t told us _____.A) where was the examB) what time the exam wasC) when was the exam going to startD) how long would the exam last 4. A: Are they going to give the party outdoors?     B: I _____ think _____.A) do / notB) don’t / soC) not / soD) don’t / not 5. Let’s fix a date for the next match, _____?A) isn’t itB)

Prepositions – Linking Words Test B1 Grammar Exercises

1. Peter had left his guitar _____ the bed before he got _____ his room.A) at / intoB) on / out ofC) in / towardsD) by / on 2. It takes about ten minutes to drive _____ this tunnel.A) throughB) acrossC) overD) among 3. Our next chemistry class is _____ 11 o ‘clock _____ Tuesday.A) in / fromB) on / byC) at / onD) around / in 4. As the truck was going slowly _____ the slope, I was driving right _____ it.A) off / in front ofB) down / betweenC) along / overD) up / behind 5. Because he

Present Continuous Test A1 – A2 Grammar Exercises

1. A: _____ you _____ to me?B: Yes, I am.A) Am / listeningB) Can / listenC) Are / listeningD) Is / listening 2. He _____ a sweatsuit because he _____ to work today.He can have a rest at home.A) is wearing / isn’t goingB) isn’t wearing / is goingC) are wearing / aren’t goingD) aren’t wearing / are going 3. A: Where _____ you _____ in the middle of the night?     B: I’m not going anywhere.A) can / goingB) are / goingC) am / goingD) is / going 4. Janice and I are at the mall now. We _____

Cell The Unit Of Life Module

Q 1. Animal cells are connected by _______ Desmosome Cell wall Cell Membrane Plasmodesmata Answer – 4, PlasmodesmataExplanation: Plasmodesmata are thin strands of cytoplasm that connect the cytoplasm of adjacent cells, allowing for the exchange of materials such as proteins and ions. Animal cells are connected by plasmodesmata, while plant cells are connected by desmosomes and a cell wall surrounding them.   Q 2. The rRNA is synthesized by _________ Golgi body Nucleus Nucleolus Cytoplasm Answer – 3, NucleolusExplanation: The rRNA is synthesized by the Nucleolus. The Nucleolus is a specialized structure found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and is the site for

Cell Cycle and Cell Division Module

Q1. The process of appearance of recombination nodules occurs at which sub-stage of prophase I in meiosis? Diakinesis Zygotene Pachytene Diplotene Answer – 3, PachyteneExplanation: The process of the appearance of recombination nodules occurs during the Pachytene sub-stage of prophase I in meiosis. It is important to note that this is a very complex stage of meiosis and requires a thorough understanding to answer this question accurately.   Q2. Among eukaryotes, replication of DNA takes place in G2 Phase M phase S phase G1 phase Answer – 3, S phaseExplanation: Replication of DNA takes place in the S phase of the cell cycle. The

The Living World Module

Q 1. An attribute found in plants but not animals is Metabolism Sexual reproduction Autotrophy Asexual reproduction Answer: 3, AutotrophyExplanation: Autotrophy is an attribute found in plants but not animals. Autotrophs are organisms that make their food using a process known as photosynthesis, and they do not need any other organism to survive. On the other hand, animals rely on obtaining energy from their environment or from autotrophs, which can be through ingestion, absorption, or photosynthesis.   Q 2. Compared to genus, which of the following is less general in characters? Family Species pision Class Answer: 2, speciesExplanation: Species would be less general in

Respiration in Plants Module

Q1. What does the term “cellular respiration” refer to? Water decomposition, The breakdown of air to release energy, Food items decomposing to produce energy, Energy is released as soil breaks down. Answer- Option (3) is correct.Explanation: Cellular respiration is the process by which food components are broken down inside of a cell to produce energy, which is then captured to create ATP. Eukaryotes, which include all multicellular creatures and some single-celled species, generate energy through aerobic respiration. The most potent electron acceptor found in nature, oxygen, is used in aerobic respiration. Eukaryotes’ complex life functions and busy lives are made possible by

Animal Kingdom Module

Q 1. Which of the following developed for the first time in Annelids? Cephalization Development of a true coelom Metameric segmentation Both 2 and 3 Answer – 4, both 2 & 3Explanation: Cephalization, which is the concentration of nerve tissue at the anterior end of an organism, and metameric segmentation, which is the pision of the body into segments, are two significant evolutionary developments that first developed in Annelids. Animal Kingdom’s courses will teach you more about these biological phenomena and their influence on modern species.   Q 2. What is the most crucial reason for the immense success of arthropods? Chitinous

Photosynthesis In Higher Plants Module

Q 1. As a result of photorespiration, glycolate is converted into serine and carbon dioxide in the following ways: Mitochondria Chloroplasts Vacuoles Peroxisomes Answer: d, PeroxisomesExplanation: Photorespiration involves converting glycolate into serine and carbon dioxide in peroxisomes. Plants undergo photorespiration through the oxygenation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) instead of the desired carboxylation reaction, which is the outcome of photorespiration. Consequently, glycolate is formed, which needs to be salvaged to prevent carbon and energy loss. In the peroxisomes, glycolate is metabolized through a series of reactions known as the glycolate pathway. This pathway involves several enzymatic steps, leading to the conversion of glycolate into

Breathing And Exchange Of Gases Module

Q1. In humans, what is true about RBCs? They transport about 80% of oxygen, and the remaining 20% is dissolved in blood plasma. They transport 99.5% of oxygen About 20-25% of CO2 is carried by them CO2 is not held by them Answer – 2, They transport 99.5% of oxygenExplanation: Red blood cells (RBCs) transport 99.5% of Oxygen and carry about 20-25% of Carbon Dioxide (CO2). The remaining 0.5% of oxygen is transported in the dissolved state in blood plasma, while the rest of the CO2 is exhaled during respiration.   Q2. Pick the incorrect statement A bird’s ability to breathe efficiently

Digestion And Absorption Module

Q1. The release of pancreatic juice is stimulated by enterokinase cholecystokinin secretin Both 2 and 3 Answer – 4, Both 2 and 3Explanation: Both 2 and 3 are correct. Enterokinase, or enteropeptidase, is an enzyme in the small intestine responsible for activating trypsin from pancreatic juice. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a hormone produced in the small intestine that stimulates the release of enzymes and bile from the pancreas and gall bladder. Secretin is another hormone in the small intestine that stimulates the pancreas to release watery juice-containing enzymes called pancreatic juice.   Q2. In vertebrates, lacteals are found in ileum ischium esophagus Ear

Excretory Products And Their Elimination Module

Q1. Nitrogenous waste is excreted in the form of pellets or paste by Pavo Ornithorhynchus Salamandra Hippocampus Answer – 1, PavoExplanation: Nitrogenous waste is excreted as pellets or paste by these animals. This excretion process, known as “uricotelism”, allows the organism to conserve water and eliminate nitrogenous waste products as a paste or a dry powder.   Q2. Which one of the following hormones reduces blood pressure? Antidiuretic hormone Atrial Natriuretic factor Aldosterone Angiotensin-ll Answer – 2, Atrial Natriuretic factorExplanation: The hormone responsible for reducing blood pressure is the Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF), released from the walls of the atria in response to increased

Human Physiology Module

Q 1. Among the glands mentioned below, which of the following is not involved in the process of digestion? Stomach Salivary Glands Adrenal Gland Liver Answer – Option (c) is correctExplanation: The Stomach is the site for digestion and secreted many enzymes that break down large macromolecules. The liver also contributes to digestion by releasing bile juice and other digestive enzymes. Salivary glands release saliva which breaks down carbohydrates in the food. Adrenal glands are not directly associated with digestion but the hormones secreted by them might regulate the metabolism of food.   Q 2. Which of the following statements correctly explains

Human Reproduction Module

Q 1. Which of the following organs serve as the primary reproductive organ in human males and females respectively? Testis in males and Ureter in females. Urethra in males and Ovary in females. Testis in males and Ovary in females. None of these. Answer- Option (3) is correct.Explanation: The primary reproductive organ of a human male is the testis because it produces and releases the male gametes or sperm. Similarly, in human females, the ovary produces and releases the female gametes or ova. When the two gametes(sperm and egg) fertilize, reproduction proceeds further and a new organism can be produced. The ureter

Air Pollution Module

Q 1. Which of the following assertions regarding SMOG is true? SMOG originates from fog. SMOG is formed from smoke. SMOG originates from water vapor. SMOG originates through the combination of fog and smoke. Answer- Option (1) is correct.Explanation: Neither fog nor smoke alone can result in smog. As the name suggests smoke is a combination of smoke and fog. When smoke released from burning fossil fuels, wood, etc combines with fog in the atmosphere, it results in smog which reduces visibility and makes breathing difficult. Water vapor directly does not result in smog formation.   Q 2. The main contributors of

Animal Physiology Module

Q 1. Because of the presence of _________, spider blood typically has a blue color. Hemerythrin Hemoglobin Hemocyanin none of the aforementioned. Answer- Option (3) is correct. Explanation: Haemoglobin is found in humans and other higher animals and it is red in color. Hemeeyrhtin is used for oxygen transport in marine invertebrates and it is colorless in the absence of oxygen but turns violet-pink when it is attached to oxygen. Hemocyanin is seen in arthropods, particularly spiders and it has a typical blur appearance which makes the spider’s blood blue.   Q 2. Which of the following organisms exhibits diploblastic organization? Hydra,

Genetics Module

Q 1. If a colorblind woman marries an average-visioned man, their sons will be Three-fourths colorblind and one-fourth normal One-half colorblind and one-half normal All normal visioned All colorblind Answer: a, Three-fourths colorblind and one-fourth normalExplanation: Color blindness is an X-linked recessive trait passed down from fathers to their sons. If both father and mother are carriers of the genetic trait (neither being colorblind), then there is a three in four chance that any son born to them will be colorblind.   Q 2. Which of the following is the significance of dominance? organisms with dominant genes have stronger vitality the dominant

Introduction to Bioinformatics Module

Q 1. Which of the options listed below is not the purpose of a sequence comparison? To identify any shared patterns between the two sequences. Investigating the physical characteristics of molecules To investigate evolutionary links To spot conservation trends Answer: Option(2) is correct.Explanation: A comparison is necessary to determine if it is likely that two sequences originated from the same sequence. Sequence comparison is also used to determine whether sequences from the database are comparable to the sequence in question.   Q 2. In the mutation process of a genetic algorithm, _______ no changes are made to the sequence changes are made

Sexual reproduction in flowering plants module

1. Perisperm is-(a) Degenerate secondary nucleus (b) Remnant of nucleus(c) Peripheral part of endosperm (d) Degenerate synergids 2. Which of the following fruit is a case of parthenogenesis?(a) Fruit without seeds after pollination(b) Fruit with seeds afterpollination(c) Fruit with viable seeds without fertilization(d) Fruit with viable seeds after fertilization. 3. If an endosperm cell of an angiosperm has 24 chromosomes, the root cell of megaspore mother cell should have-(a) 8 (b) 16 (c) 4 (d) 24 4. How many meiotic divisions are needed for forming 100 grains of wheat?(a) 100 (b) 25 (c) 50(d)20 5. Aleurone layer is present in(a)

Ecosystem Module

Question 1.Given below is one of the types of ecological pyramids. This type represents(a) Pyramid of numbers in a grassland(b) Pyramid of biomass in a follow land(c) Pyramid of biomass in a lake(d) Energy pyramid in a spring Answer: (c) Pyramid of biomass in a lake Question 2.Energy transferred from one trophic level to another(a) 5%(b) 10%(c) 15%(d) 20% Answer: (b) 10% Question 3.Maximum absorption of rainfall water is done by(a) Tropical deciduous forest(b) Tropical evergreen forest(c) Tropical savannah(d) Scrule forest Answer: (b) Tropical evergreen forest Question 4.Which of the following is called as a detrivore?(a) An animal feeding on

Present Continuous Test A1 – A2 Grammar Exercises

1. A: _____ you _____ to me?     B: Yes, I am.A) Am / listeningB) Can / listenC) Are / listeningD) Is / listening 2. He _____ a sweatsuit because he _____ to work today.He can have a rest at home.A) is wearing / isn’t goingB) isn’t wearing / is goingC) are wearing / aren’t goingD) aren’t wearing / are going 3. A: Where _____ you _____ in the middle of the night?     B: I’m not going anywhere.A) can / goingB) are / goingC) am / goingD) is / going 4. Janice and I are at the mall now.

Object Pronouns – The Imperative Test A1 – A2 Grammar Exercises

1. She can help _____ with the project, but her mother isill and she is staying with _____ at the hospitalnowadays.A) me / hersB) our / herC) us / herD) ours / she 2. _____ here. I want to show you something, but _____mum. It is a secret.A) You are coming / you can tellB) Don’t come / tellC) You can come / you are tellingD) Come / don’t tell 3. A: Please, _____ _____ the salt. The soup needs somesalt.     B: Here you are.A) pass / meB) don’t pass / youC) pass / itD) don’t pass / your

There is – There Are / Some – Any – No Test A1 – A2 Grammar Exercises

1. ______ Alex ______ at the moment? The light in hisroom is off.A) Do / sleepB) Are / sleepingC) Is / sleepingD) Does / sleep 2. A: Frances ______ meat, so let’s cook a vegetable dishfor her.     B: OK. I hope she ______ spinach because we have gotspinach.A) eats / likesB) doesn’t eat / likesC) eats / doesn’t likeD) doesn’t eat / like 3. A: ______ she ______ a big family ?     B: Yes, she does.A) Does / hasB) Has / gotC) Does / haveD) Have / got 4. Jack seldom ______ out on Sundays, but today he______

Present Simple Test A1 – A2 Grammar Exercises

1. ______ Alex ______ at the moment? The light in hisroom is off.A) Do / sleepB) Are / sleepingC) Is / sleepingD) Does / sleep 2. A: Frances ______ meat, so let’s cook a vegetable dishfor her.     B: OK. I hope she ______ spinach because we have gotspinach.A) eats / likesB) doesn’t eat / likesC) eats / doesn’t likeD) doesn’t eat / like 3. A: ______ she ______ a big family ?     B: Yes, she does.A) Does / hasB) Has / gotC) Does / haveD) Have / got 4. Jack seldom ______ out on Sundays, but today he______

Quantifiers 1 Test A1 – A2 Grammar Exercises

1. A: ______ coffee do you drink a day?     B: ______.A) How much / A fewB) How many / SomeC) How much / Not muchD) How many / A lot of 2. There aren’t ______ students on the campus today.A) a littleB) fewC) muchD) many 3. A: ______ people in my family eat meat.     B: What about you?     A: I usually eat ______ meat for lunch.A) Few / a littleB) Many / fewC) Much / someD) Little / lot 4. Carl has got ______ things to do, but he can handlevery ______ tasks today because he is

Past Simple ( Was /Were ) Test A1 – A2 Grammar Exercises

1. A: There _____ traffic jam on the bridge.B: No problem. I am taking the ferry today.A) areB) wasC) isD) were 2. There _____ any students on the campus yesterdaybecause they were away for a holiday.A) wasB) weren’tC) wasn’tD) were 3. _____ there a promising new band at the musicfestival last week?A) WasB) Weren’tC) Isn’tD) Were 4. There _____ a lot of roses in her garden because shelikes growing them.A) isB) wasC) wereD) are 5. I _____ in Germany last month and the people at thehotel _____ very friendly.A) were / wereB) am / areC) was / wereD) was /

Past Simple ( Regular / Irregular Verbs ) Test A1 – A2 Grammar Exercises

1. A: We _____ to the city museum three days ago.B: Oh, how nice!A) can goB) wentC) goD) are going 2. Victor _____ some bad news from Ted yesterday and_____ sad.A) is hearing / is becomingB) hears / becomesC) heard / becameD) can hear / become 3. _____ she _____ your books back last week?A) Can / bringB) Did / bringC) Does / bringD) Is / bringing 4. They often _____ questions in meetings. They justmake presentations.A) didn’t answerB) don’t answerC) aren’t answeringD) can answer 5. I _____ my house last week, but it _____ dirty againnow.A) cleaned / isB)

Present Perfect Test A1 – A2 Grammar Exercises

1. A: They aren’t at home. They __________ out.     B: OK. Can you give them this envelope?     A: Sure.A) are goingB) goC) can goD) have gone 2. William __________ a lot about 19th-century poetsrecently, and he __________ another book about thema few hours ago.A) is reading / has boughtB) read / can buyC) has read / boughtD) had read / bought 3. __________ you __________ your homework yet ?A) Do / doB) Did / doC) Can / doD) Have / done 4. The boy __________ all the questions in the testcorrectly yesterday.A) answeredB) has answeredC) is answeringD) can

Prepositions Of Time & Place & Movement Test A1 – A2 Grammar Exercises

1. A: When is his birthday?     B: It’s _____ January 19tlh.A) inB) onC) atD) up 2. Look at the helicopter _____ the air! It is pink!A) inB) upC) onD) at 3. Sally met John _____ the new cinema in Brooklyn, not_____ Ivy Street.A) on / inB) in / atC) at / onD) near / through 4. Marcy usually worked _____ the weekend _____ thepast.A) at / inB) on / fromC) in / betweenD) from / to 5. I was _____ Paris for a business trip _____ Christmas.A) on / toB) at / inC) in / atD) from / on

The Future Test A1 – A2 Grammar Exercises

1. Ian _____ classes next week because he _____ toanother town with the baseball team.A) is going to attend / will travelB) won’t attend / is travellingC) isn’t attending / won’t travelD) will attend / will travel 2. A: _____ their boss _____ them a pay rise?     B: No, he isn’t.A) Is / going to giveB) Will / giveC) Can / giveD) Does / give 3. A: Who will be the winner of the next game?     B: I think our team _____ the other team. I haveconfidence in them.A) is defeatingB) won’t defeatC) isn’t defeatingD) will defeat 4.

Adjectives / Adverbs / Comparisons Test A1 – A2 Grammar Exercises

1. Bob is 79. Valerie is 79, too, so she is _____ Bob.A) the oldestB) not as old asC) older thenD) as old as 2. A: Of all the cities in the world, which city is _____ tothe Equator?    B: Quito. It is only 15 miles to it.A) closer thanB) the closestC) closeD) as close as 3. A: Don’t forget to say “please ” when you wantsomething from someone, dear. It is _____.     B: I understand, mum.A) politerB) as polite asC) not as police asD) politer than 4. Alexander is 75 kilograms. Nick is 97 kilograms soAlexander is

A1 – A2 Grammar Exercises

1. A: _____ can solve this problem?B: Bob.A) WhatB) HowC) WhichD) Who 2. A: _____?     B: Yes, I am.A) Do you have breakfastB) Are you going to have breakfastC) Have you had breakfastD) Am I having breakfast 3. A: _____    B: No, I haven’t.A) Have I given you my number?B) Do you have a tape recorder?C) Have you got a pair of scissors?D) Did you give a party last night? 4. The little girl can hear us, _____?A) can sheB) can weC) can’t sheD) can’t we 5. A: _____ glass is this?     B: It’s Brad’s.A) WhoB) WhichC)

Modal Verbs Test A1 – A2 Grammar Exercises

1. A: You are ill. You _____ in the balcony. It isn’t warmoutside.     B: I’m wearing warm clothes. Don’t worry.A) needn’t sitB) can sitC) must sitD) mustn’t sit 2. A: I don’t want to leave my phone at the desk before Ienter the exam hall. _____?     B: Unfortunately, yes. It is the rule.A) Can IB) Must IC) May ID) Could I 3. A: You _____ wash those strawberries. I’ve alreadywashed them.    B: Oh, good. Thank you.A) needn’tB) mustC) couldn’tD) can 3. A: You _____ wash those strawberries. I’ve alreadywashed them.     B: Oh, good. Thank you.A) needn’tB)

Chemistry in Everyday Life Module

1. For medicinal chemists, the classification of medications based on is the most useful.a) pharmacological effectb) molecular targetsc) chemical structured) drug action Answer: bExplanation: Medicinal chemists are interested in the site where a drug will take effect, and they prescribe specific drugs to people based on their needs. This also includes the structure-based mechanism of pharmacological action on the target. 2. Which of the following medications is not classified according to the pharmacological effect criteria?a) Analgesicsb) Antisepticsc) Antihistaminesd) Antipyretics Answer: cExplanation: The pharmacological effects of medications are a group of drugs that all have the same effect on a specific

Polymers Module

1. Any substance made up of multiple repeating units called polymers is referred to as a polymer.a) Mersb) Plasticc) Resinsd) Blocks Answer: aExplanation: Any substance made up of multiple repeating units, known as mers, is referred to as a polymer. Polymers are made up of a large number of molecules connected together to form long chains. 2. Which of the following polymers does not fall within the configuration category?a) Cross-linkedb) Atacticc) Syndiotacticd) Isotactic Answer: aExplanation: The category of configuration does not include cross-linked polymers. The categories of configuration include syndiotactic, atactic, and isotactic. Within a macromolecule, tacticity refers to the

Biomolecules Module

1. A disaccharide is formed when two monosaccharides are bonded together by a bond.a) glycosidicb) peptidec) ionicd) phosphodiester Answer: aExplanation: When two monosaccharide units come together, they lose a molecule of water and form an oxide bond. The glycosidic linkage is a bond formed by an oxygen atom between two monosaccharide molecules. 2. Sucrose is a _____ chemical, and the hydrolysis product combination is ______in nature.a) dextrorotatory; dextrorotatoryb) laevorotatory; laevorotatoryc) laevorotatory; dextrorotatoryd) dextrorotatory; laevorotatory Answer: dExplanation: Sucrose is a dextrorotatory sugar that produces a combination of dextrorotatory glucose and laevorotatory fructose when hydrolyzed. The resultant mixture is laevorotatory because the

Amines Module

1. What is the most basic aromatic amine’s common name?a) Benzenamineb) Benzylaminec) Anilined) Aminobenzene Answer: cExplanation: The simplest amine is aniline, which has the formula C6H5NH2. This name is also recognised by the IUPAC. The IUPAC designation for it is benzenamine, although it’s also known as aminobenzene. 2. What is the correct name for a molecule that has two amino groups in opposing (para) locations around a benzene ring?a) Benzenediamineb) Benzene-1,4-diaminec) p-Aminoanilined) 4-Aminobenzenamine Answer: bExplanation: Both amino groups (in para positions to one other) are given equal weight and the primary complex is given the prefix di. The prefix is

Aldehydes, Ketones, and Carboxylic Acids Module

1. Which of the reactions below can result in ketones?a) Oxidation of primary alcoholsb) Oxidation of secondary alcoholsc) Dehydrogenation of tertiary alcoholsd) Dehydrogenation of primary alcohols Answer: bExplanation: Ketones are formed when secondary alcohols are oxidised and dehydrogenated. Aldehydes are produced by the same processes with primary alcohols. 2. The Rosenmund reaction can produce which of the following carbonyl compounds?a) Methanalb) Benzaldehydec) Butanoned) Acetone Answer: bExplanation: The Rosenmund reaction, which involves replacing chloride with hydrogen, is only utilised to make aldehydes. Methanal cannot be produced from this process because the acyl chloride that corresponds to it, formyl chloride, is unstable

Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers Module

1. To get carboxylic acids directly from alcohol, which of the following oxidising agents is used?a) Alkaline KMnO4b) Aqueous KMnO4c) Acidified KMnO4d) Anhydrous CrO3 Answer: cExplanation: Strong oxidizers, such as acidified potassium permanganate or acidified potassium dichromate, convert alcohol to carboxylic acid immediately. Using CrO3 as the oxidising agent in an anhydrous media, however, only aldehyde can be produced. 2. When phenol reacts with bromine water, what is the result?a) Brown liquidb) Colourless gasc) White precipitated) No reaction Answer: cExplanation: When phenol is treated with bromine water, a white precipitate is formed, which is 2,4,6-Tribromophenol. 3. The Lucas test was carried

Haloalkanes and Haloarenes Module

1. What is the class of the substitution product of LiAlH4 and an alkyl halide reaction?a) Haloalkaneb) Alkyl nitritec) Nitroalkaned) Hydrocarbon Answer: dExplanation: The H atom in LiAlH4 acts as a nucleophile, attacking and substituting the halogen in the alkyl halide to generate the basic hydrocarbon. 2. Which of the following statements about SN2 mechanisms is incorrect?a) The transition state is stableb) The complete mechanism takes place in a single stepc) The rate of the reaction depends on the concentration of both reactantsd) There is an inversion of configuration Answer: aExplanation: The carbon atoms are concurrently attached to the entering nucleophile and the

Coordination Compounds Module

1. A coordination complex’s core atom/ion is also known as ________a) Bronsted-Lowry acidb) Lewis basec) Lewis acidd) Bronsted-Lowry base Answer: cExplanation: A Lewis acid is a species that has the ability to receive an electron pair. Lewis acids are all cations. It is a Lewis acid because the core atom of a coordination complex is metal and always accepts electrons. 2. Which of the following has a coordination number as a feature?a) Coordination entityb) Ligandc) Central atomd) Coordination compound Answer: cExplanation: The coordination number of a central metal ion in a complex, also known as the secondary valency, is defined as the

Molecular Basis of Inheritance Module

Question 1.In a DNA strand the nucleotides are linked together by(a) glycosidic bonds(b) phosphodiester bonds(c) peptide bonds(d) hydorgen bonds. Answer:(b) phosphodiester bonds   Question 2.The net electric charge on DNA and histones is(a) both positive(b) both negative(c) negative and positive, respectively(d) zero. Answer:(c) negative and positive, respectively   Question 3.Which of the following statements is the most appropriate for sickle cell anaemia ?(a) It cannot be treated with iron supplements.(b) It is a molecular disease.(c) It conferes resistance to acquiring malaria.(d) All of the above. Answer:(d) All of the above.   Question 4.The first genetic material could be(a) protein(b) cabohydrates(c)

Principles of Inheritance and Variation Module

Question 1.If a genetic disease is transferred from a phenotypically normal but carrier female to only some of the male progeny, the disease is(a) autosomal dominant(b) autosomal recessive(c) sex-linked dominant(d) sex-linked recessive. Answer:(d) sex-linked recessive.   Question 2.In sickle cell anaemia glutamic acid is replaced by valine. Which one of the following triplets codes for valine ?(a) GGG(b) A AG(c) G A A(d) GUG Answer:(d) GUG   Question 3.Person having genotype IA IB would show the blood group as AB. This is because of(a) pleiotropy(b) co-dominance(c) segregation(d) incomplete dominance. Answer:(b) co-dominance   Question 4.ZZ/ZW type of sex determination is seen

Human Reproduction Module

Question 1.Ovulation in the human female normally takes place during the menstrual cycle(a) at the mind secretory phase(b) just before the end of the secretory phase(c) at the beginning of the proliferative phase(d) at the end of the proliferative phase. Answer:(d) at the end of the proliferative phase.   Question 2.After ovulation Graafian follicle regresses into(a) corpus atresia(b) corpus callosum(c) corpus luteum(d) corpus albicans Answer:(c) corpus luteum   Question 3.Immediately after ovulation, the mammalian egg is covered by a membrane known as(a) chorion(b) zona pellucida(c) corona radiata(d) vitelline membrane. Answer:(c) corona radiata   Question 4.Which one of the following events

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Module

Question 1.What is the function of filiform apparatus in an angiospermic embryo sac?(a) Brings about opening of the pollen tube(b) Guides the pollen tube into a synergid(c) Prevents entry of more than one pollen tube into a synergid(d) None of these Answer:(b) Guides the pollen tube into a synergid Question 2.The female gametophyte of a typical dicot at the time of fertilisation is(a) 8 – celled(b) 7 – celled(c) 6 – celled(d) 5 – celled Answer:(b) 7 – celled Question 3.Polygonum type of embryo sac is(a) 8 – nucleate, 7 – celled(b) 8 – nucleate, 8 – celled(c) 7 –

Genes, Chromosomes and Genomes Module

1. The segregation of alleles on one trait did not have any effect on the segregation of alleles on a different trait. This is based on ____________a) Mendel’s law of Heredityb) Mendel’s law of Dominancec) Mendel’s law of Independent Assortmentd) Mendel’s law of Segregation Answer: cExplanation: There are three Mendel’s laws n Heredity. 1. The Mendel’s law of Dominance states that when a dominant individual is crossed with a recessive individual, the F1 generation offspring will exhibit the dominant trait. 2. According to Mendel’s law of Segregation, a pair of allele governing a single trait segregates from each other during

Enzymes as Biological Catalysts Module

1. Why are enzymes required?a) Enzymes help to yield more productb) Enzymes increase the activation energy of the reactionc) Enzymes decrease the activation energy of the reactiond) Enzymes maintain the equilibrium in the reaction Answer: cExplanation: Chemical reactions need certain covalent bond breakage within the reactants. For this, the reactants must contain sufficient kinetic energy called the activation energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that speed up the reaction by lowering the activation energy required for breaking the covalent bonds. 2. Competitive enzyme inhibitors are ________a) Reversible inhibitorsb) Irreversible inhibitorsc) Permanent inhibitorsd) None of the mentioned Answer: aExplanation: Irreversible inhibitors are

Biological Molecules Structures and Functions – Bonds Types Module

1. The electron clouds around the nucleus are of ___________a) Spherical shapeb) Spherical and Dumbbell shapec) Spherical and Hexagonal shaped) Cannot be determined Answer: bExplanation: Electrons swarm around the nucleus of an atom in a mostly unpredictable fashion. Erratic electron behaviour is best described by the electron cloud model. The electron cloud is an area around the nucleus of an atom where electrons are most likely to be found. The clouds are roughly defined by their boundaries which is either spherical or dumbbell shape. 2. Atoms or molecules having orbitals containing a single unpaired electron is known as ___________a) Captionsb)