Sama Mohamed

Cyproterone acetate / Ethinylestradiol

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Estelle™-35/35 ED

Cyclosporin Eye Preparation

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Cyclosporin (also known as Ciclosporin or Cyclosporine) helps to control and to reduce our body’s overactive

Cyclophosphamide (Non-cancer)

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Cyclophosphamide belongs to

Cuts

WOUND CARE: HOW TO TREAT SMALL CUTS AT HOME WHEN YOU HAVE A CUT, SEE YOUR GENERAL PRACTITIONER (GP) IF: WHEN YOU HAVE A CUT, VISIT THE URGENT CARE CENTRE (UCC) IF: GO TO THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT (ED) IF YOUR LIMB OR LIFE IS AT RISK: Cuts are wounds where the skin is lacerated or torn. Learn more about treating cuts and wound care at home. Wound Care: How To Treat Small Cuts at Home Clean the cut by rinsing it under cold running tap water on the open wound. Use sterile gauze swabs to clean the open wound with

Croup Cough: Treatment, Causes and Symptoms (Child)

WHAT CAUSES CROUP COUGH IN BABIES AND CHILDREN? CROUP VIRUS TREATMENT FOR TODDLERS AND CHILDREN Find out what causes croup cough in babies and toddlers, recognise the symptoms and learn croup virus treatment for the voice box and windpipe. What Causes Croup Cough in Babies and Children? Croup is a viral infection of the voice box (larynx) and windpipe (trachea). Croup cough symptoms in babies and children include swelling of the vocal cords, causing hoarseness. Children with croup cough may also have a tight, low-pitched “barking” cough. Stridor develops as the opening between the vocal cords becomes narrower. This is

Crohn’s Disease

WHAT IS CROHN’S DISEASE? TREATMENT FOR CROHN’S DISEASE IS SURGERY REQUIRED FOR CROHN’S DISEASE? Crohn’s disease is a disease of chronic inflammation involving any part of the intestinal tract. What is Crohn’s Disease?  Crohn’s disease most commonly affects the last part of the small intestine (ileum) and/or the large intestine (colon and rectum). It is relatively uncommon in the Asian population. Crohn’s disease is a chronic condition and may recur at various times over a lifetime. Some people have long periods with no disease, sometimes years, when they are free of symptoms. There is no way to predict when the disease

Crizotinib

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Crizotinib is

Credanil/ Sinemet: Levodopa + Carbidopa

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Credanil/ Sinemet

Cough Suppressants

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Cough suppressants

Cough and the Common Cold In Children

UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION IN CHILDREN LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION IN CHILDREN WHAT CAN I DO TO PREVENT RESPIRATORY INFECTION IN MY CHILDREN? Don’t dismiss coughing and the common cold in your child. Sometimes, these can indicate a more serious respiratory illness or infection in children. Sore throat, runny nose and cough in children are signs that your child’s respiratory tract, or airway, may be infected.  There are two types of respiratory illnesses: Upper respiratory tract infections may affect the mouth, nose, sinuses and throat. The most common infection is the common cold. Your child may get several episodes of common cold

Cough

WHAT IS A COUGH? WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE CAUSES OF COUGH? WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF COUGH? WHAT CAN I DO TO TREAT A COUGH? WHEN DO I NEED TO SEE A DOCTOR? WHAT ELSE CAN I DO TO MANAGE THIS CONDITION? Learn about symptoms and causes of cough, self help treatment options, medication and when to seek medical help. What is a Cough? Coughing is your body’s way of removing foreign substances and mucus from the lungs and throat. This helps to reduce irritation and prevent infections from reaching the lungs. What are the possible causes of Cough?  We

Co-Trimoxazole

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Co-trimoxazole is an antibiotic made up of two different antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim). Sulfamethoxazole belongs to a group of medicines

Cosmetic (Aesthetic) Dentistry

DISCOLOURED TEETH VENEERS CROWNS BLEACHING DIASTEMA CLOSURE (CLOSING GAPS IN THE TEETH) A range of dental procedures can improve the shape and colour of your teeth and smile. Discoloured Teeth Very few people have really white teeth and yellowish teeth are not  necessarily weak or unhealthy. The bulk of teeth are formed by dentine which is yellowish in colour. This colour can be seen through the relatively translucent enamel; and teeth darken naturally with age. If the discoloration is due to defective enamel or dentine it can be masked by a layer of tooth-coloured filling or a veneer or crown of

Corticosteroids Eye Preparations

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Corticosteroids eye preparations act in the same way as steroid hormones produced within our body. They

Coronary Artery Disease

WHAT IS A CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY? PREPARING FOR A CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY ON THE DAY OF YOUR CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY AFTER YOUR CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY Learn more about coronary angioplasty, a procedure used to open blocked or narrowed coronary arteries. What is a Coronary Angioplasty? A coronary angiography is a procedure to visualise the coronary arteries.  An angioplasty is usually combined with the insertion of a stent, a small wire mesh tube that helps to prop the artery open and reduce the chances of it narrowing again.  Preparing for a Coronary Angioplasty  Take the time to learn about coronary angioplasty and don’t be afraid of

Coronary Artery Disease

CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE SYMPTOMS RISK FACTORS FOR CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE DIAGNOSING CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE MANAGING CAD AFTER AN INTERVENTIONAL PROCEDURE Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) develops when the arteries that supply blood to your heart become narrowed or blocked by a build-up of fatty deposits called plaque. As a result, it gets harder for the arteries to supply blood to the heart. Coronary Artery Disease Symptoms Symptoms of CAD may include: Chest pain (angina) Shortness of breath Heaviness in the chest Pain in the jaw or down the arms Heartburn Nausea Vomiting Heavy sweating Risk

Corns

WHAT ARE CORNS? WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE CAUSES OF CORNS? WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF CORNS? WHAT CAN I DO TO TREAT CORNS? WHEN DO I NEED TO SEE A DOCTOR? WHAT ELSE CAN I DO TO MANAGE THIS CONDITION? Learn about symptoms and causes of corns, self-help treatment options, medication and when to seek medical help. What are Corns? Corns are typically small and thick areas of hardened skin on the hands and feet. They develop when the skin receives too much friction and pressure, causing it to protect itself by building up skin over time.  There are usually

Convulsions and Seizures in Children

SEIZURE FIRST AID COMMON MISTAKES IN SEIZURE FIRST AID CARE FOR CHILDREN WHO SUFFER SEIZURES AND CONVULSIONS CONSULT YOUR CHILD’S DOCTOR IMMEDIATELY IF What happens when a child has a seizure and suffers from convulsions? Learn to administer seizure first aid and find out what precautions to take for convulsions without fever. During a seizure, a child suffers convulsions and may fall unconscious, with his eyes rolled backwards. His body may stiffen and his arms and legs may jerk uncontrollably. Most seizures last less than five minutes. Convulsion without fever occurs in 0.4 percent of children. If they become recurring, the

Controlling Risk Factor of Stroke: Smoking and Stroke

COMMON MYTHS ABOUT SMOKING TIPS TO HELP YOU STOP SMOKING USEFUL CONTACTS Post-stroke care management in smoking Smoking can increase your chance of developing serious health conditions including stroke. When you quit smoking, it can significantly reduce these risks. This factsheet explains how smoking affects you, the risks involved and ways to help you stop smoking. Did you know?  “The more you smoke, the more you stroke.” If you smoke 20 cigarettes a day, you are six times more likely to have a stroke compared to a non-smoker. Continuing to smoke after a stroke also triples your risk of death

Controlling Risk Factor of Stroke: Atrial Fibrillation 

WHAT IS ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (AF)? HOW DOES AF INCREASE THE RISK OF STROKE? WHAT ARE THE SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS? WHAT ARE THE RISK FACTORS FOR AF? HOW IS IT DIAGNOSED? HOW IS AF TREATED? STROKE PREVENTION HOW ELSE CAN I PREVENT STROKE? Post-stroke care tips to manage atrial fibrillation. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common type of abnormal heart rhythm. In Singapore, 1.5 percent of the population aged 55 years and above have AF. The risk of AF increases with age from 0.1 percent in patients under 55 years old to 10 percent in patients who are 80 years old

Controlling Risk Factor of Stroke: Alcohol

CAN I DRINK ALCOHOL AFTER HAVING A STROKE? HOW CAN DRINKING ALCOHOL INCREASE THE RISK OF STROKE? HOW CAN I CUT DOWN? WHERE CAN I GET HELP? Excessive drinking of alcohol can increase your risk of having a stroke. Moderation is key or in some cases, it is best to avoid entirely if the risk is more than benefits. This fact sheet provides information about consumption of alcohol after stroke and tips that can help you limit your alcohol intake. Can I drink alcohol after having a stroke?  It is advisable to talk with your doctor whether your condition allows

Controlling Risk Factor of Stroke: Alcohol

CAN I DRINK ALCOHOL AFTER HAVING A STROKE? HOW CAN DRINKING ALCOHOL INCREASE THE RISK OF STROKE? WHERE CAN I GET HELP? Excessive drinking of alcohol can increase your risk of having a stroke. Moderation is key, or in some cases, it is best to avoid entirely if the risk is more than benefits. This fact sheet provides information about consumption of alcohol after stroke and tips to help you limit your alcohol intake. Can I Drink Alcohol After Having a Stroke? It is advisable to discuss with your doctor on whether your condition allows alcohol consumption, as it may

Contact Dermatitis: Causes and Treatment

WHAT IS CONTACT DERMATITIS? SYMPTOMS OF CONTACT DERMATITIS CAUSES OF CONTACT DERMATITIS DIAGNOSING CONTACT DERMATITIS TREATMENT METHODS FOR CONTACT DERMATITIS You have had an itchy patch for weeks now. How can you tell if it’s contact dermatitis and what is the best form of treatment for this allergic reaction? What is Contact Dermatitis? Contact dermatitis, also known as contact allergy, is an allergic skin reaction that typically shows up as an itchy rash that sometimes develops into blisters and swelling.   Symptoms of Contact Dermatitis The most common manifestation of contact dermatitis is an itchy rash that develops over a few

Constipation in Children

SYMPTOMS CAUSES OF CONSTIPATION IN CHILDREN MANAGEMENT What causes constipation in children? Read on and learn all you need to know about constipation in children, what you can do to prevent it and common treatments. How often should my child have a bowel movement?Children can have different types of normal bowel movements, depending on their age.  Newborns have more frequent bowel movements in a day, sometimes with each feed. Babies who are breastfed usually have soft, mustard-coloured stools that can be passed as infrequently as once in several days to as many as 10 to 12 stools per day. Babies

Constipation in Adults: Causes and Prevention

WHAT IS CONSTIPATION? WHY DO PEOPLE GET CONSTIPATED? HOW TO AVOID CONSTIPATION WHEN DO I NEED TO SEE A DOCTOR? Learn more about what causes constipation and useful tips on how to avoid it. What is Constipation?   Constipation means it is hard to pass stool. People with constipation might:   Struggle to pass stool.  Have small, hard, or dry stools.  Feel bloated or uncomfortable in their belly.  Feel like they still need to pass stool after they’ve gone.  Why Do People Get Constipated?   Constipation can happen because of:  Not drinking enough water.  Not eating enough fibre (like fruits and veggies).  Not

Constipation

WHAT IS CONSTIPATION? WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE CAUSES OF THIS CONDITION? WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF CONSTIPATION? WHAT CAN I DO TO TREAT CONSTIPATION? WHEN DO I NEED TO SEE A DOCTOR? WHAT ELSE CAN I DO TO MANAGE THIS CONDITION? DISCLAIMER Minor Ailment What is constipation? Constipation is generally described as a difficulty or decrease in frequency of passing stools (also known as having a bowel movement). The stools are usually hard and dry. The normal bowel movement is different from individual to individual and can range from two to three times a day to three times a week.

Consequences of Stroke: Spasticity

WHAT IS SPASTICITY? WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS OF SPASTICITY? WHAT ARE THE OPTIONS FOR TREATING SPASTICITY? Post-stroke care management on spasticity Muscle spasticity after stroke can cause muscles on the affected side of your body to become stiff and may lead to pain. After a stroke, about 1 in 3 survivors experiences spasticity. Learn more about spasticity and available treatments here. What is Spasticity? Our brain sends signals to the muscles to control movements. When this area of the brain is damaged after a stroke, the signals may be affected and can result in muscle stiffening, referred to as spasticity.

Consequences of Stroke: Sexual Intimacy

HOW STROKE CAN AFFECT INTIMACY? WHAT CAN HELP? WHERE CAN I FIND OUT MORE? Post-stroke management in sexual intimacy It is very common to feel that your relationship has changed after a stroke. For example, you may feel low confidence of going out to meet friends and forming significant relationship. It is important to recognise that sexuality does not only refer to the act of sexual intercourse. It is about emotional engagement with your partner – the feeling of closeness and love. Good communication is the key to enhance this emotional intimacy.  How stroke can affect intimacy? There are several

Consequences of Stroke: Emotional Changes

UNDERSTANDING MY EMOTIONS WHAT ARE SOME COMMON EMOTIONAL RESPONSES I MAY EXPERIENCE AFTER A STROKE? WILL IT GET BETTER? WHAT MAY HELP ME MANAGE WITH THE EMOTIONAL CONSEQUENCES OF STROKE? Understanding emotional changes after stroke Apart from physical changes, stroke can impact a person’s mood, behavior and personality. These could include feelings of anger, irritability, anxiety and sadness. Sometimes, due to how the brain has been injured, stroke survivors may also experience apathy and impulsivity. Understanding my emotions Stroke affects every individual’s well-being in a different way. Some of the consequences of stroke includes: Changes in physical appearances Loss of

Consequences of Stroke: Coping with Emotional Changes

WHAT CAN I DO ABOUT THE WAY I FEEL? HOW CAN CAREGIVERS, FAMILY MEMBERS AND FRIENDS HELP A STROKE SURVIVOR? WHERE CAN I GET SUPPORT? Coping with emotional changes after stroke Stroke can happen suddenly. As with any sudden health difficulties, stroke survivors and their families may experience significant emotional responses. Apart from shock, they may feel lost and confused, angry, guilty and disappointed. Often times, stroke survivors are grieving as they no longer feel like the same person as they were before. Dealing with physical and cognitive changes to their bodies can be emotionally challenging. Here are some tips

Consequences of Stroke: Coping with Cognitive Issues

WHAT CAN I DO TO IMPROVE MY MEMORY? WHAT CAN I DO TO COPE WITH COGNITIVE DIFFICULTIES? HOW CAN I HELP AS A CARER OR FAMILY? FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQ) WHERE CAN I GET SUPPORT? Coping with cognitives issue after stroke Difficulties with cognition may happen after a stroke. It can negatively impact your daily routines, the way you think and make decision. Although it may seem challenging, there are ways to help you improve and cope with your cognitive difficulties. What can I do to improve my memory? Mental exercises may aid in rebuilding mental awareness and focus. Here

Consequences of Stroke: Cognitive Issues

HOW DOES A STROKE AFFECT MY COGNITION? HOW IS COGNITION ASSESSED? WHAT MAY HELP ME MANAGE MY COGNITIVE PROBLEMS? Understanding cognitive issues after stroke  Cognition refers to the process of thinking. It is about how your brain understands, organizes, stores and retrieves information. Difficulties with cognition may happen after a stroke. The type of cognitive issues you may experience will depend on the location of the brain damage from stroke. How does a stroke affect my cognition? 1. Memory Problems Many people complain of memory problems after suffering a stroke. You may notice that you need more time to process

Consequences of Stroke: Bladder and Bowel Problems

WHY DO BLADDER AND BOWEL PROBLEMS HAPPEN AFTER STROKE? WHAT ARE THE TREATMENTS AVAILABLE? HOW CAN MY CARER OR FAMILY HELP? TIPS TO COPE WITH CONTINENCE PROBLEMS Post-stroke care management for bladder and bowel problems  It is common to experience bladder and bowel problems after a stroke. This can be a sensitive issue to many people and affect their overall well-being.Talk to your Stroke Care Team if you are having difficulty with bladder or bowel control after stroke. Continence problems can be managed discreetly with good advice and preparation. Why do bladder and bowel problems happen after stroke? You may

Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) Treatment: The Airway Programme

CAP TREATMENT IN SINGAPORE COPD TREATMENT IN SINGAPORE OBJECTIVES OF THE AIRWAY PROGRAMME TAP PROGRAMME OUTLINE BENEFITS AND ADVANTAGES OF TAP CONTACTS AND LINKS The Airway Programme treats patients with respiratory conditions such as community-acquired pneumonia. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and chronic obstructive airway disease (COPD) are major problems globally. In Singapore, they constitute about 20 percent of all deaths and are major causes of hospital admissions. As both conditions use the same resources and expertise, the combined programme, called The Airway Programme (TAP), maximises resources and expertise to achieve better patient outcomes. Under TAP, all patients diagnosed with CAP and/or COPD at the

Community Wellness Clinic: Treatment and Rehabilitation for Mental Illness

WHAT IS A COMMUNITY WELLNESS CLINIC? COMMUNITY WELLNESS CLINIC LOCATIONS Mental health is an important part of community health and wellness. Here’s where to get advice and treatment for mental illness of people in your home and community. What is a Community Wellness Clinic? Located in the heart of the community, the Community Wellness Clinic (CWC) is a one-stop centre that focuses on a continuum of care — from prevention to treatment to rehabilitation for those with mental illness. With two branches conveniently located at Queenstown and Geylang, each CWC is fully staffed with a multidisciplinary group of specialists (comprising psychiatrists,

Community Nursing and Basic Health Services for Seniors

WHAT TO EXPECT AT A COMMUNITY NURSE POST WHERE TO FIND A COMMUNITY NURSE POST Find out how a senior citizen can access geriatric assessment, basic health services and community nursing at one of Alexandra Health’s Community Nurse Posts.   As part of the Ageing-in-Place Programme, Alexandra Health set up Community Nurse Posts (CNPs) in community clubs, residents’ committees and voluntary welfare organisations in Nee Soon and Sembawang Group Representation Constituencies (GRCs). These CNPs are part of Alexandra Health’s strategy to reach out to older residents in the heartlands and make it more convenient for them to access preventive healthcare services. 

Community Health Assist Scheme (CHAS)

WHAT IS THE COMMUNITY HEALTH ASSIST SCHEME (CHAS)? HOW DO I GET A CHAS CARD? CONDITIONS COVERED CHAS LINKS FOR HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS With a CHAS card, all Singapore citizens can receive subsidies for medical care at participating general practitioner and dental clinics near their homes. What is the Community Health Assist Scheme (CHAS)? The Community Health Assist Scheme (CHAS) is a scheme by the Ministry of Health (MOH) that enables Singapore Citizens, including Pioneer Generation (PG) and Merdeka Generation (MG) cardholders, to receive subsidies for medical and dental care at participating General Practitioner (GP) and dental clinics near their homes.

Common Skin Conditions Linked to Housework

SKIN CONDITIONS CAUSED BY CLEANING PRODUCTS CANDIDA INTERTRIGO FUNGAL NAIL INFECTIONS Contact dermatitis and other skin problems or skin conditions are typically caused by frequent exposure to the chemical agents in cleaning products. Many cleaning products and agents that keep our homes spick and span can be rough on our skin. Here are some common skin disorders that may arise from constant exposure to cleaning products and cooking items used in housework. Skin Conditions Caused By Cleaning Products Irritant Contact Dermatitis The most common skin disorder that can arise from housework, which typically affects the hands. The condition usually begins

Common Fungal Skin Infections

WHAT IS “WHITE SPOT”? WHAT IS RINGWORM? WHAT IS ATHLETE’S FOOT? WHAT IS MONILIASIS/CANDIDIASIS? HOW TO PREVENT SUPERFICIAL FUNGAL SKIN INFECTIONS HOW TO TREAT SUPERFICIAL FUNGAL SKIN INFECTIONS Superficial skin fungus infections such as “white spot”, ringworm and athlete’s foot are common. Find out how to cure a fungal skin infection. The most common types of superficial fungal infections include “white spot”, ringworm, athlete’s foot and candidiasis (or moniliasis). What is “White Spot”? “White spot” or “panau” (in Malay) is a superficial fungal skin infection. The medical term is pityriasis versicolor or tinea versicolor. It usually affects adults and causes

Common Eye Problems and Their Symptoms

IS YOUR VISION BLURRY OR DISTORTED? DO YOU HAVE CLOUDY VISION? ARE YOU LOSING YOUR PERIPHERAL VISION? DO YOU HAVE EYE PAIN? ARE YOUR EYES ITCHY OR WATERY? DO YOU SEE FLOATERS IN YOUR FIELD OF VISION? ARE YOU SEEING FLASHES? OTHER VISION PROBLEMS AND SYMPTOMS Blurry or cloudy vision or watery eyes can be common eye problems. Find out some of the eye problem symptoms and available treatment. ​Below is a list of some of the common eye problem symptoms and the possible associated conditions. Noting the kind of symptoms you experience is important to help you and your

Common Cold: Symptoms and Prevention

CAUSES OF THE COMMON COLD WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS? HOW IS IT TREATED? HOW TO AVOID CATCHING IT While it shares symptoms similar to the flu, the common cold is a mild upper respiratory tract infection that usually resolves on its own. Learn how to alleviate some common cold symptoms and the self-care steps you need to take to avoid catching it again. Causes of the Common Cold    The common cold, as it is widely known, is a mild infection of the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by viruses, with the group called rhinoviruses being behind 30 to

Common cold

WHAT IS A COMMON COLD? WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE CAUSES OF THE COMMON COLD? WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF THE COMMON COLD? WHAT CAN I DO TO TREAT A COMMON COLD? WHEN DO I NEED TO SEE A DOCTOR? WHAT ELSE CAN I DO TO MANAGE THIS CONDITION? Learn about symptoms and causes of the common cold, self help treatment options, medication and when to seek medical help. What is a Common Cold? A common cold, or simply known as a cold, is an infection of the nose, airways and throat. It is usually quite mild and you will normally

Common Childhood Injuries and Childhood Injury Prevention

COMMON CHILDHOOD INJURIES COMMON INJURIES IN CHILDCARE STRATEGIES FOR CHILDHOOD INJURY PREVENTION TEACH YOUR CHILD TO BE SAFE How to prevent child injuries like cuts, bruises, scalds and burns? Learn good childhood injury prevention and lower the incidence of common childhood injuries in your home. As a parent, you have an instinct to protect your newborn and young children from harm. But you can’t always be around your child to keep him out of harm’s way. Knowing the common injuries to look out for and addressing some safety risks in your child’s environment can be very helpful for childhood injury

Combined Hormonal Contraceptives: Levonorgestrel 150mcg and Ethinylestradiol 30mcg (21-day regimen)

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Levonorgestrel 150mcg / Ethinylestradiol 30 mcg (e.g. Microgynon®) is a

Combined Hormonal Contraceptives: Drospirenone 3mg and Ethinylestradiol 30mcg (21-day regimen) 

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Drospirenone 3mg / Ethinylestradiol 30mcg (e.g. Yasmin®, Liza®) is a

Combined Hormonal Contraceptives: Drospirenone 3mg and Ethinylestradiol 20mcg (28-day regimen)

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Drospirenone 3mg / Ethinylestradiol 20mcg (e.g. Yaz®, Drospera®, Jastinda®) is

Combined Hormonal Contraceptives: Desogestrel 150mcg and Ethinylestradiol 20mcg (21-day regimen)

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Desogestrel 150mcg / Ethinylestradiol 20mcg (e.g. Mercilon®) is a combined

Combined Hormonal Contraceptives: Chlormadinone acetate 2mg and Ethinylestradiol 30mcg (21-day regimen)

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Chlormadinone acetate 2mg / Ethinylestradiol 30mcg (e.g. Belara®) is a

Combined Hormonal Contraceptives: Chlormadinone acetate 2mg and Ethinylestradiol 30mcg (21-day regimen)

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Chlormadinone acetate 2mg / Ethinylestradiol 30mcg (e.g. Belara®) is a

Colorectal Cancer

WHAT IS COLORECTAL CANCER? RISK FACTORS COLORECTAL CANCER SYMPTOMS COLORECTAL CANCER SCREENING COLONOSCOPY COLORECTAL CANCER TREATMENT COLORECTAL CANCER PREVENTION Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of death in both men and women in Singapore (Singapore Cancer Registry Annual Report 2021). Screening tests such as the faecal immunochemical test (FIT) and screening colonoscopy can help prevent it. What is Colorectal Cancer?  Colorectal cancer is cancer of the colon (the main part of the large intestine) and the rectum (the passageway connecting the colon to the anus).  In most people, colorectal cancers develop slowly over several years. Before cancer forms, a growth

Colonoscopy Procedure

WHAT IS A COLONOSCOPY? What is a colonoscopy? Get an in-depth look by viewing this three-minute colonoscopy procedure video which explains the procedure. What is a Colonoscopy? A colonoscopy is a procedure that enables the doctor to examine and evaluate the inside of your colon for any signs of bowel-related conditions. Lasting for about 30 minutes to an hour each time, a colonoscopy procedure is also one of the recommended methods for colorectal cancer screening.

Cold Sores

WHAT ARE COLD SORES? WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE CAUSES OF THIS CONDITION? WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF COLD SORES? WHAT CAN I DO TO TREAT COLD SORES? WHEN DO I NEED TO SEE A DOCTOR? WHAT ELSE CAN I DO TO MANAGE THIS CONDITION?   What are cold sores? Cold sores are small fluid-filled blisters which usually appear on the lips or around the mouth. After the blisters dry , they generally heal without leaving a scar. They are contagious from the moment symptoms such as tingling, or itch appear. Cold sores can  spread via direct skin contact or exposure

Colchicine

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Colchicine is

Codeine

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? This medication

Club Foot: Symptoms and Treatment

​​SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF CTEV CAUSES OF CTEV COMPLICATIONS OF CTEV TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR CTEV Read on to find out about congenital talipes equinovarus, a condition commonly known as club foot in which a newborn’s foot or feet appear to be rotated at the ankle. Also known as congenital talipes equinovarus or CTEV, this is a condition where a child presents with either one or both feet rotated internally at the ankle.  There are two types of CTEV, namely:  Postural CTEV A deformity of the feet that involves muscle imbalance and/or tightness in the muscles. There is usually no bone or

Clozapine

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Clozapine is used to treat and prevent the return of

Clotrimazole (topical)v

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Topical Clotrimazole is used to treat fungal skin and nail

Clotrimazole (pessary)

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Clotrimazole (pessary) is used to treat vaginal thrush. Learn how

Clopidogrel

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Clopidogrel belongs

Clonazepam

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Clonazepam belongs

Clomipramine

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Clomipramine belongs

Clomiphene

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Clomiphene is used as a fertility medication in some women who are unable to become pregnant.

Clofazimine

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? WHAT ELSE SHOULD I KNOW ABOUT THIS MEDICATION? DISCLAIMER Clofazimine is

Clobetasol Shampoo

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Clobetasol shampoo

Clobazam

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Clobazam is

Clindamycin

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Clindamycin is an antibiotic which works by preventing bacterial growth and multiplication. It is commonly used

Circumcision (Child)

What is circumcision? Learn more about circumcision procedure in children, and what to do after circumcision for proper care. What Is Circumcision? Circumcision is an operation to remove excess foreskin on the penis. It is performed if there is phimosis (tight foreskin opening), recurrent foreskin infections and for religious reasons. After circumcision, the glans penis (head of the penis) will remain exposed permanently.  Will There Be Stitches After a Circumcision Procedure? Either absorbable stitches or glue will be used, so there will be no need to remove any stitches post-surgery. Child circumcision at KK Hospital does not involve the use

Circadian Rhythm Disorder

WHAT IS THE CIRCADIAN RHYTHM? PROBLEMS WITH CIRCADIAN RHYTHM OR YOUR BODY CLOCK CIRCADIAN RHYTHM DISORDER — CAUSES AND RISK FACTORS JET LAG SHIFT WORK Circadian rhythm disorder occurs when the body clock is out of sync. Learn how to sleep better and find out the best time to sleep. What is the Circadian Rhythm? Commonly known as the “body clock”, the circadian rhythm is a cyclical rhythm that regulates many bodily functions automatically throughout the day and does not require conscious control. There are those that are apparent to us, such as the sleep-wake cycle and the digestive cycle,

Ciprofloxacin

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Ciprofloxacin is

Cinnarizine

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Cinnarizine is

Cinacalet

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Cinacalcet is used to control high parathyroid hormone levels by binding to calcium-sensing receptors in the parathyroid

Cimetidine

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Cimetidine works

Ciclosporin

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Ciclosporin is

Chronic Viral Hepatitis B

Chronic viral hepatits B may lead to cirrhosis. Patients with this condition and would need treatment. ​Chronic liver disease secondary to viral hepatitis B infection. This is usually asymptomatic but may lead to liver cirrhosis/hardening after years of inflammation. Some will require treatment to suppress inflammation and retard progression to cirrhosis. Treatment is usually oral medications (occasionally injection regime).

Chronic Tonsillitis

WHAT IS TONSILLITIS TONSILLITIS RISK FACTORS TONSILLITIS SYMPTOMS TONSILLITIS PREVENTION CHRONIC TONSILLITIS SURGERY Persistent inflammation of the tonsils can cause chronic tonsillitis. What Is Tonsillitis Tonsillitis is the inflammation of the tonsils, two pads of tissue situated on either side of the back of the throat that act as a defence against bacteria and viruses entering the mouth. For this reason, they can become vulnerable to infection. Tonsillitis is usually caused by a virus but can also be caused by bacteria. Chronic tonsillitis occurs when symptoms persist beyond two weeks. Tonsillitis Risk Factors Tonsillitis is usually a childhood condition, affecting

Chronic Subdural Haematoma

WHAT IS CHRONIC SUBDURAL HAEMATOMA? CHRONIC SUBDURAL HAEMATOMA — SYMPTOMS CHRONIC SUBDURAL HAEMATOMA — CAUSES AND RISK FACTORS DIAGNOSING CHRONIC SUBDURAL HAEMATOMA CHRONIC SUBDURAL HAEMATOMA: TREATMENT Chronic subdural haematoma(CSDH) is a neurological condition, which is more common among the elderly. Learn more about the condition, its symptoms, treatment and more. What is Chronic Subdural Haematoma? CSDH is a neurological condition that refers to a collection of blood and blood breakdown products between the surface of the brain and its outermost covering (dura). It is common among elderly patients and chronic alcoholics, and may be caused by a minor or major 

Chronic Sinusitis

WHAT IS SINUSITIS? CAUSES OF CHRONIC SINUSITIS CHRONIC SINUSITIS COMPLICATIONS SINUSITIS SYMPTOMS DIAGNOSIS OF SINUSITIS CHRONIC SINUSITIS TREATMENT Chronic sinusitis causes mucus accumulation and inflamed nasal passages. What is Sinusitis? Sinusitis occurs when the cavities around the nasal passages (the sinuses) become inflamed and swollen. This interferes with drainage and causes mucus to build up in the nose and sinuses.  Causes of Chronic Sinusitis There are different causes of sinusitis.• Viruses are the most common cause of sinusitis; infections caused by viruses are usually easily treatable • Bacterial sinusitis symptoms usually last longer and respond to oral antibiotics• Fungal sinusitis is

Chronic Kidney Disease

EARLY STAGES OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE GOAL OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE TREATMENT CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE SYMPTOMS WHEN TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE FOR KIDNEY PROBLEMS? CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE TREATMENT What happens when the kidneys stop functioning properly? Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a gradual loss of the kidneys’ filtering ability, usually due to high blood pressure or diabetes. When kidney function is seriously impaired, dangerously high levels of fluid and wastes can accumulate in the body. Early Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease In the early stages of CKD, there may be few signs or symptoms. In fact, many people with CKD

Chronic Constipation: Diagnosis and Treatment

WHAT IS CHRONIC CONSTIPATION? CHRONIC CONSTIPATION CAUSES HOW TO PREVENT CHRONIC CONSTIPATION CHRONIC CONSTIPATION TREATMENT Constipation commonly refers to infrequent or difficult bowel movements. Learn how to resolve or prevent chronic constipation through lifestyle changes and know when to seek medical help for the condition. What is Chronic Constipation? Constipation means different things to different people. Most commonly, it refers to infrequent bowel movements, but some interpret it as a decrease in the amount of stool. Others describe constipation as difficulty in passing motion, a sense of incomplete evacuation, or the need for medication to help pass motion.  Chronic Constipation

Chorionic Villus Sampling

WHAT IS CHORIONIC VILLUS SAMPLING? In a chorionic villus sampling procedure or a CVS test, placenta tissue is collected for testing certain conditions. Learn more about it, including the risks involved in chorionic villus sampling. What Is Chorionic Villus Sampling? Chorionic villus sampling, or a CVS test, is the procedure during which an obstetrician draws a small amount of the placenta tissue. This is done by inserting a biopsy needle through the mother’s abdomen into the placenta. The obstetrician will use ultrasound to guide the needle during the procedure so as not to harm the unborn child. For this procedure,

Cholestyramine

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? This medication

Cholesterol Management

WHAT IS CHOLESTEROL? HOW TO LOWER CHOLESTEROL LEVELS Keep heart disease at bay with these cholesterol management tips. Learn why reducing your cholesterol levels is crucial to heart health. What is Cholesterol? Cholesterol is a fat-like substance that is produced by the body or derived from food. It is necessary for the body to function normally and build cell walls, though it takes only a small amount in the blood to meet those needs. Hence, it is important to learn how to manage cholesterol, as excess cholesterol is harmful to health. Cholesterol is carried through one’s bloodstream by special proteins

Cholesterol and Heart Disease

WHAT IS CHOLESTEROL? CAUSES OF HIGH BLOOD CHOLESTEROL WHERE DOES CHOLESTEROL COME FROM? TYPES OF CHOLESTEROL DOES CHOLESTEROL CAUSE HEART DISEASE? Does high cholesterol cause heart disease? Learn about the relationship between high cholesterol and heart disease and how you can reverse its effects for the sake of your heart. What Is Cholesterol? Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance found in the cell walls of our body, from the nervous system to the liver to the heart. The body uses cholesterol to make hormones, bile acids, vitamin D and other substances.  Causes of High Blood Cholesterol Various factors may contribute to

Chlorpromazine

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Chlorpromazine is used to treat and prevent the return of

Chlorhexidine

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Chlorhexidine is

Chlamydia

WHAT IS CHLAMYDIA? SYMPTOMS COMPLICATIONS DIAGNOSIS AND SCREENING TREATMENT HOW CAN I PROTECT MYSELF? Known as a silent disease, early symptoms of chlamydia often go unnoticed. But if left untreated, the disease can seriously damage the reproductive organs. Find out what causes chlamydia, the symptoms to look out for, and how to treat this sexually transmitted infection. What is Chlamydia?   A chlamydia infection is caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis, which can be transmitted via vaginal, anal or oral sexual intercourse.  Any sexually active person may get infected with chlamydia through contact with mucous membranes of vagina, urethra, rectum or mouth. An infected mother can

Children’s Immunity: FAQs

IS EXPOSURE TO GERMS A WAY TO BOOST CHILDREN’S IMMUNE SYSTEM? CAN MAKING THE ENVIRONMENT AND YOUR CHILD EXTREMELY CLEAN ACTUALLY MAKE THEM MORE SUSCEPTIBLE TO GERMS? Dr Ng Chung Wai, Family Physician and Chairperson (Infection Control and Infectious Diseases Workgroup), SingHealth Polyclinics, a member of the SingHealth group, answers your questions on children’s immunity. Is Exposure to Germs a Way to Boost Children’s Immune System? While getting an actual infection may make a child immune to subsequent infections by the same germ, this is not always the case. For example, a child can get diphtheria more than once. The

Childhood Illnesses: 10 Most Common Conditions in Children

1. COMMON COLD 2. BRONCHITIS AND BRONCHIOLITIS 3. STOMACH FLU (GASTROENTERITIS) 4. HAND, FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE (HFMD) 5. FEBRILE SEIZURES 6. CHICKENPOX 7. ECZEMA 8. ASTHMA 9. ALLERGIC RHINITIS (ALLERGIES) 10. CONSTIPATION Here are the symptoms and treatments for the 10 most common paediatric medical conditions. 1. Common Cold   Does your child have a blocked or runny nose and watery eyes? Is he sneezing and coughing? He could be having a cold. Colds are common among infants and toddlers. If the child’s body feels hot, he could also be running a fever.   What to Do:   • Keep him hydrated

Chickenpox: Symptoms and Treatment Options

CAUSES AND RISK FACTORS CHICKENPOX SYMPTOMS COMPLICATIONS CHICKENPOX TREATMENT SELF-CARE PREVENTION Chickenpox is a common childhood disease. Highly contagious, it is characterised by a fever and small, red, itchy blisters on the face and body. Anyone can get chickenpox. However, while it is more common in children, its effects are often more severe in adults than in children. While chickenpox is common and harmless to most people, it may have an adverse impact on those whose immune systems are impaired such as newborn infants, those undergoing chemotherapy for cancer, people with AIDS, as well as those taking steroids like cortisone or prednisone.

Chest Pain

CHEST PAIN CAUSES OF CHEST PAIN HEART CONDITIONS AND CHEST PAIN Not all chest pain signals a heart attack, but tightness in the chest and chest discomfort might signal heart conditions. While one’s first instinct is to wonder if a pain in the chest is a heart attack, it is helpful to understand that there are many causes for chest pain. Chest Pain Chest pain may feel like a sharp, stabbing, burning, dull, or squeezing sensation and may be caused by problems in the lungs, oesophagus, muscles, ribs or nerves. The severity of these conditions ranges from insignificant to life-threatening.

Cervical Cancer

LINK BETWEEN CERVICAL CANCER AND HPV RISK FACTORS SYMPTOMS SCREENING FOR CERVICAL CANCER DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT PREVENTION Cervical cancer is the 10th most common cancer in Singaporean women. It can be effectively treated if detected early.   The best protection against cervical cancer is to go for regular cervical cancer screening. You can also speak to your doctor about HPV (Human Papillomavirus) vaccination to determine if you are suitable. Link Between Cervical Cancer and HPV   Cervical cancer arises from the cervix, or the neck of the womb . Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a common virus and certain strains can infect

Ceritinib

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Ceritinib is

Cerebral (Brain) Aneurysm

CAUSES OF CEREBRAL ANEURYSM SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF CEREBRAL ANEURYSM DIAGNOSIS OPTIONS TREATMENT OF CEREBRAL ANEURYSM Cerebral aneurysm is a weak spot at an artery junction in the brain that bulges or balloons. The rupture of a cerebral aneurysm could lead to stroke or death. A cerebral aneurysm is a weak spot at an artery junction in the brain that bulges or balloons. It often looks like a berry hanging on a stem and it could rupture, causing severe bleeding in or around the brain. This rupture could potentially cause a stroke or death.   Causes of Cerebral Aneurysm Cerebral

Cephalosporins

WHAT IS THIS MEDICATION FOR? HOW SHOULD I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT SHOULD I DO IF I FORGET TO TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? WHAT PRECAUTIONS SHOULD I TAKE WHEN TAKING OR USING THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME COMMON SIDE EFFECTS OF THIS MEDICATION? WHAT ARE SOME RARE BUT SERIOUS SIDE-EFFECTS THAT I NEED TO SEEK MEDICAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY? WHAT FOOD OR MEDICATION SHOULD I AVOID WHEN I TAKE OR USE THIS MEDICATION? HOW SHOULD I STORE THIS MEDICATION? HOW DO I THROW AWAY THIS MEDICATION SAFELY? DISCLAIMER Medication Information Leaflet What is this medication for? Cephalosporins are

Cataract Surgery

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